POSTER - 01. AGRONOMIC CROPS

Herbicide-Resistant Palmer Amaranth (Amaranthus palmeri S. Wats.) and Common Waterhemp (Amaranthus tuberculatus) in Kansas. Vipan Kumar*, Rui Liu, Taylor Lambert, Phillip Stahlman; Kansas State University, Hays, KS1
Reductions in Palmer Amaranth Groundcover Following an Auxin Herbicide Application. Grant L. Priess*1, Jason K. Norsworthy1, Rodger B. Farr1, Thomas R. Butts2; 1University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR, 2University of Arkansas System Division of Agriculture, Lonoke, AR2
An EnlistDUO Systems Approach to Control Palmer Amaranth. Bradley J. Norris*1, Jacob P. McNeal1, Larry C. Walton2, William J. Rutland3, Darrin M. Dodds1, Brian K. Pieralisi4; 1Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, MS, 2Corteva Agriscience, Tupelo, MS, 3Mississippi State University, Starkville, MS, 4Mississippi State University, Stoneville, MS3
Optimal Order and Respray Interval Using Glufosinate, 2,4-D and Dicamba for Waterhemp (Amaranthus tuberculatus) Control. Brent S. Heaton*1, Alexis L. Meadows2, Elaina M. Crawford1, Mark L. Bernards1; 1Western Illinois University, Macomb, IL, 2Western Illinois University, Ames, IA4
Response to Herbicides with Different Modes of Action on 50 Amaranthus hybridus L. Populations in Argentina. Julio A. Scursoni*1, Martin M. Vila Aiub1, Daniel Tuesca2, Federico Balassone2, Juan P. Morello1, Daniela Medina Herrera1, C Lescano2, N Montero Bulacio2, Roberto J. Crespo2, M Depetris2; 1Facultad de Agronom�a. Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina, 2Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias. Universidad deRosario, Rosario, Argentina5
No Seed Means No Weeds or No Herbicide-Resistant Weeds. Taghi Bararpour*, Jason A. Bond, Henry M. Edwards, Jimmy D. Peeples; Mississippi State University, Stoneville, MS6
Industrial Hemp Sensitivity to Pre- and Post-emergence Herbicides. Lynn M. Sosnoskie, Elizabeth Maloney*; Cornell University, Geneva, NY7
Peanut Response to Diuron. Chad C. Abbott, Eric P. Prostko*, Taylor M. Randell; University of Georgia, Tifton, GA8
White-Margined Flatsedge (Cyperus flavicomus Michx.): Controlling This New Problematic Weed in Arkansas Rice. Thomas R. Butts*1, Tom Barber1, Jason K. Norsworthy2; 1University of Arkansas System Division of Agriculture, Lonoke, AR, 2University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR9
Acetochlor Use for Weed Control in Rice. Tristen H. Avent*, Jason K. Norsworthy, Leonard B. Piveta, Mason C. Castner, James W. Beesinger; University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR10
Use Patterns of Bicyclopyrone in Minor Crops. Eric Rawls*1, Peter Eure2, Gordon D. Vail3, Tom H. Beckett3, Cheryl Dunne1, Victor Mascarenhas4, Henry McLean5, Monti Vandiver6, John Gordy7, Tim Trower8, Scott A. Payne9; 1Syngenta Crop Protection, Vero Beach, FL, 2Syngenta Crop Protection, Greensboro, NC, 3Syngenta, Greensboro, NC, 4Syngenta Crop Protection, Nashville, NC, 5Syngenta Crop Protection, Perry, GA, 6Syngenta Crop Protection, Vero Beach, TX, 7Syngenta Crop Protection, Pearland, TX, 8Syngenta Crop Protection, Oskosh, WI, 9Syngenta Crop Protection, Slater, IA11
Asulam Tank Mixes with Trifloxysulfuron and Topramezone on Fall Panicum Control in Sugarcane. D Calvin Odero*1, Raphael Mereb Negrisoli2; 1University of Florida, Belle Glade, FL, 2University of Florida, Gainesville, FL12
Effect of Residual Herbicide Application Timing on Weed Management in 2,4-D- and Dicamba-tolerant Soybean. Daniel O. Stephenson, IV*; LSU Ag Center, Alexandria, LA13
Reduction in DGA Dicamba Volatility as a Function of Potassium Tetraborate Tetrahydrate Concentration. Mason C. Castner*, Jason K. Norsworthy, Trenton L. Roberts, Leonard B. Piveta; University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR14
Impact of Fall-seeded Cereal Rye Cover Crop on Pre-emergence Herbicide Fate and Grain-yield in Wisconsin Food-grade Soybean Production. Nicholas J. Arneson*, Ryan P. DeWerff, John Gaska, Brian Mueller, Shawn P. Conley, Damon Smith, Rodrigo Werle; University of Wisconsin - Madison, Madison, WI15
Potential Burndown Options Before Cover Crop Establishment. Dwight Lingenfelter*, John M. Wallace; Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA16
Survey of California Weedy Rice (Oryza sativa f. spontanea) Acreage: Infestation Patterns and Severity. Whitney Brim-DeForest*1, Luis Espino2, Troy Clark2, Timothy Blank3; 1University of California Division of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Yuba City, CA, 2University of California Division of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Oroville, CA, 3California Crop Improvement Association, Davis, CA17
Airborne Hyperspectral Imaging to Classify Different Desiccants Performance in Lentil (Lens culinaris) Crop. Keshav D. Singh*, Eric N. Johnson, Hema S. Duddu, Steve J. Shirtliffe; University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada18
Impact of Weedy Invasion on Subsistence Agriculture and Pasture Degradation of Cold Arid Region of Ladakh India. Mahendra Singh Raghuvanshi*1, Stanzin Landol2, Mohammad Raza2, Ngawang Dorje2; 1ICAR-National Bureau of Soil Survey and Land Use Planning, Nagpur, India, 2RRS, ICAR-Central Arid Zone Research Institute, Leh-Ladakh, Leh-ladakh, India19
Field Pennycress (Thlaspi arvense) Response to Herbicides Applied Postemergence. Kevin Betts1, M. Scott Wells1, Debalin Sarangi1, Mark L. Bernards*2, Donald L. Wyse1; 1University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN, 2Western Illinois University, Macomb, IL20
Evaluation of Herbicide Programs in Oklahoma Soybean. Todd A. Baughman*, Zachary R. Treadway, Robbie W. Peterson; Oklahoma State University, Ardmore, OK21
Identification of Soybean Lines That Have Differential Sensitivity to Dicamba. Matthew Osterholt*1, Scott McAdam1, Katy Rainey1, Caio Canella Vieira2, Pengyin Chen2, Bryan G. Young3; 1Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, 2University of Missouri, Portageville, MO, 3Purdue University, Brookston, IN22
Managing Ryegrass (Lolium Multiflorum) in Northeast Texas Wheat. Curtis A. Jones*; Texas A&M University, Commerce, TX23

POSTER - 02. HORTICULTURAL CROPS

IR-4: Weed Control Project Updates - Food Crops. Roger B. Batts*1, Jerry J. Baron1, Daniel L. Kunkel2, Michael P. Braverman2; 1IR-4 Project HQ, NC State University, Raleigh, NC, 2IR-4 Project Headquarters, Princeton, NJ24
Canada Thistle Control in Hop with a Sponge Wiper Application of Clopyralid. Marcelo L. Moretti*, David R. King; Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR25
Response of Sweetpotato Cultivars to Dicamba and 2,4-D. Ziming Yue*1, Isabel S. Werle2, Steve L. Meyers3, Mark W. Shankle4, Te-Ming (Paul) Tseng1; 1Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, MS, 2University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR, 3Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, 4Mississippi State University, Verona, MS26
Table Beet Response to Simulated Carryover of HPPD Herbicides. Lynn M. Sosnoskie*, Elizabeth Maloney; Cornell University, Geneva, NY27
Cabbage/Cauliflower Tolerance to Pyridate Formulations. Sushila Chaudhari*, Bernard H. Zandstra, Monique Hemker; Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI28
Evaluation of Weed Control Efficacy and Plant Safety of Selected Herbicides for Bearing Avocado (Persea americana). Peggy Mauk1, Sonia I. Rios*2, Ben Faber3, Oleg Daugovish3, Dee L. Vega3, Travis Bean4; 1University of California - Riverside, Riverside, CA, 2University of California, Division of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Moreno Valley, CA, 3University of California, Division of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Ventura, CA, 4University of California, Division of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Riverside, CA29

POSTER - 03. TURF AND ORNAMENTALS

Developing a Decision-Support Tool for Facilitating the Selection of Diverse Herbicide Mode of Action in Turf. Vanaja Kankarla*1, Edicarlos Batista de Castro2, Jay McCurdy2, Daniel Hathcoat1, Rebecca Bowling3, Muthukumar V. Bagavathiannan1; 1Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, 2Mississippi State University, Mississippi, MS, 3Texas A&M University, Dallas, TX30

POSTER - 04. PASTURE, RANGE, FOREST, & RIGHTS OF WAYS, WILDLAND, AND AQUATIC INVASIVE PLANTS

Potassium Application Impacts Andropogon Densities in Bahiagrass (Paspalum notatum) Pastures. Brent A. Sellers*, Maria L. A. Silveira; University of Florida, Ona, FL31
Effect of Mowing Timing on Johnsongrass Herbicide Efficacy: Three Years of Trials. Joe Omielan*, Michael Barrett; University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY33

POSTER - 06. TEACHING AND EXTENSION

2020 Survey Results for the Most Common and Troublesome Weeds in Grass Crops, Pasture and Turf. Lee Van Wychen*1, Lavesta C. Hand2; 1Weed Science Society of America, Alexandria, VA, 2University of Georgia, Tifton, GA34
Time to Make Dilemma-nade: Insights on the Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Weed Science Extension Outreach in the USA. Nicholas J. Arneson, Rodrigo Werle*; University of Wisconsin - Madison, Madison, WI35

POSTER - 07. FORMULATION, ADJUVANT, & APPLICATION TECHNOLOGY

Utility of Roller Wiper Applications of Dicamba for Palmer Amaranth (Amaranthus palmeri) Management. Rodger B. Farr*1, Jason K. Norsworthy1, Thomas R. Butts2, James W. Beesinger1, Tristen H. Avent1, Grant L. Priess1; 1University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR, 2University of Arkansas System Division of Agriculture, Lonoke, AR36

POSTER - 08. WEED BIOLOGY AND ECOLOGY

Mechanism of Lactofen Resistance in Palmer Amaranth from Kansas. Ednaldo A. Borgato*, Balaji Aravindhan Pandian, Sathishraj Rajendran, Anita Dille, Mithila Jugulam; Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS37
Accumulation of Target-site Mutations in Multiple Resistant Lolium multiflorum Populations from Southern USA. Gulab Rangani*1, Nilda Roma-Burgos1, Ana C. Langaro1, Robert C. Scott2, Reio Salas3; 1University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR, 2University of Arkansas - RREC, Stuttgart, AR, 3Dole Philippines, Inc., South Cotabato, Philippines38
Non-target-site Resistance of Barnyardgrass [Echinochloa crus-galli (L.) P. Beauv.] to Florpyrauxifen-benzyl. Jeong-In Hwang*1, Jason K. Norsworthy1, Fidel Gonzalez Torralva1, Grant L. Priess1, Tom Barber2, Thomas R. Butts2; 1University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR, 2University of Arkansas System Division of Agriculture, Lonoke, AR39
Glyphosate Resistant Bird Rape Mustard (Brassica rapa) Through Introgression of a Transgenic Construct: Distribution and Genetic Characterization. Martin Laforest*1, Brahim Soufiane2, Sara Martin3, Marie-Josee Simard2, Katherine Bisaillon4, Lydia Maheux4, Sylvain Fortin4, Tracey James5, David Miville6, Annie Marcoux7; 1AAC-AAFC, St-jean-sur-richelieu, QC, Canada, 2Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Saint-jean-sur-richelieu, QC, Canada, 3Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Ottawa, ON, Canada, 4Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Qc, QC, Canada, 5Agriculture and Agri-Foods Canada, Qc, QC, Canada, 6Minist'ere de l'Agriculture des Pecheries et de l'Alimentation du Quebec, Qc, QC, Canada, 7Minist'ere de l'Agriculture des Pecheries et de l'Alimentation de Quebec, Qc, QC, Canada40
Phenotypic Characteristics of F1 Hybrid Progenies Originating from Crosses Between Sorghum bicolor and S. halepense. Usha R. Pedireddi*1, Cynthia Sias1, Sara Ohadi2, Nithya K. Subramanian1, George Hodnett1, William Rooney1; 1Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, 2University of California - Davis, Davis, CA41
Characterization of Johnsongrass (Sorghum halepense) x Grain Sorghum (S. bicolor) Hybridization Under Field Conditions. Nithya K. Subramanian*, George Hodnett, William Rooney, Muthukumar V. Bagavathiannan; Texas A&M University, College Station, TX42

POSTER - 11. SOIL AND ENVIRONMENTAL ASPECTS

Future Efficacy of Preemergence Herbicides in Corn Threatened by More Variable Weather. Christopher A. Landau*1, Aaron Hager1, Patrick Tranel1, Adam Davis1, Nicolas F. Martin2, Martin Williams3; 1University of Illinois, Urbana, IL, 2University of Illinois, Urban, IL, 3USDA-ARS, Urbana, IL43
Crossroads: the Intersection of Herbicide Resistant Weed Control, Tillage, and Soil Quality. Andrew Price*1, Audrey Gamble2; 1USDA-ARS, Auburn, AL, 2Auburn University, Auburn, AL44

POSTER - 12. INTEGRATED WEED MANAGEMENT

Smooth Brome (Bromus Inermis) as a Trap for a Wheat Pest: Volatile Profiles Influence Wheat Stem Sawfly Behavior. Rekha Bhandari*1, David Weaver2, Tracy M. Sterling2; 1Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, 2Montana State University, Bozeman, MT46
Potential Application of High-Intensity Red Light for Weed Seedbank Management. Albert T. Adjesiwor*1, Andrew R. Kniss2; 1University of Idaho, Kimberly, ID, 2University of Wyoming, Laramie, WY47
Molecular Marker-based Detection and Characterization of Rice Root-knot Nematodes Infecting Weedy Rice (Oryza sativa Var spontanea) in San Juan, Batangas, Philippines. Romnick A. Latina, Priscilla M. Barcial, Clare Hazel R. Tabernilla, Analiza Henedina M. Ramirez*; UP Los Banos, College, Los Banos, Laguna, Philippines48
The Effect of Row Spacing and Seeding Rate on Russian Thistle (Salsola Tragus) in Spring Barley and Spring Wheat. Judit Barroso1, Nicholas G. Genna*2; 1Oregon State University, Adams, OR, 2Oregon State University, Pendleton, OR49

POSTER - PHD STUDENT CONTEST

Characterize 2,4-D and Dicamba Volatility as Affected by Formulation and Exposure Duration. Patrick J. Maxwell*, Travis Gannon, Matthew C. Vann; North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC50
Supplying Phosphite as a Source of Phosphorus for Weed Suppression in PtxD Cotton. Shilpa Singh*1, Devendra Pandeya1, Keerti Rathore1, Kater Hake2, Muthukumar V. Bagavathiannan1; 1Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, 2Cotton Incorporated, Raleigh-durham, NC51
Differential Expression Patterns of Three Wheat CYP81A-like Homoeologs in Response to Halauxifen-methyl and Cloquintocet-mexyl Foliar Treatments. Olivia A. Obenland*, Brendan V. Jamison, Kris N. Lambert, Dean E. Riechers; University of Illinois, Urbana, IL52
How Are Soybean Yield Components Affected by Reduced Rates of Florpyrauxifen-benzyl? David C. Walker*1, Eric Webster2, Daniel O. Stephenson, IV3, Samer Y. Rustom1, Connor Webster1, Bradley Greer2, John A. Williams1; 1LSU Ag Center, Baton Rouge, LA, 2Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA, 3LSU Ag Center, Alexandria, LA53
Herbicide Application Timing for Barnyardgrass and Palmer Amaranth Control in Furrow-irrigated Rice. Jay W. Seale*1, Jason A. Bond1, Bobby R. Golden1, Daniel B. Reynolds2, Tom W. Allen3, Frank Carey4; 1Mississippi State University, Stoneville, MS, 2Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, MS, 3Delta Research and Extension Center, Stoneville, MS, 4Valent USA, Olive Branch, MS54
Evaluating Interaction of Dicamba, Fluthiacet-methyl, And/or Glyphosate for Control of Velvetleaf (Abutilon theophrasti) in Dicamba/Glyphosate-Resistant Soybean. Jose H. de Sanctis*, Amit J. Jhala; University of Nebraska - Lincoln, Lincoln, NE55
Are Cover Crops Effective for Weed Management in the Southeast USA? A Meta-analysis. Nicholas T. Basinger1, David Weisberger*1, Virginia Sykes2; 1University of Georgia, Athens, GA, 2University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN56
Effects of Dicamba Vapor on Soybean Injury and Yield. Ryan D. Langemeier*1, Steve Li1, Greg Kruger2, Mark L. Bernards3, Katilyn J. Price1, Bruno C. Vieira4; 1Auburn University, Auburn, AL, 2University of Nebraska - Lincoln, North Platte, NE, 3Western Illinois University, Macomb, IL, 4University of Nebraska - Lincoln, Lincoln, NE57
Residual Herbicide Use in Upland Rice Production. Connor Webster*1, Eric Webster2, Samer Y. Rustom1, David C. Walker3, Bradley Greer2, John A. Williams1; 1LSU AgCenter, Baton Rouge, LA, 2Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA, 3Mississippi State University, Starkville, MS58
Trends in Weed Control Research in Kansas Soybeans. Tyler P. Meyeres*, Dallas E. Peterson, Sarah Lancaster; Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS59
Large-Scale Field Evaluation of Dicamba Volatilization When Mixed with Glyphosate. Maria Leticia M. Zaccaro*1, Jason K. Norsworthy1, Grant L. Priess1, Mason C. Castner1, Thomas C. Mueller2; 1University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR, 2University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN60
Transplanted Industrial Hemp Tolerance to Soil-active Herbicides Grown for Cannabidiol. Michael L. Flessner, Kevin W. Bamber, Cynthia Sias*; Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA61
Rice Weed Management Using Herbicide Coated Fertilizer. Bradley Greer*1, Eric Webster1, Samer Y. Rustom2, Connor Webster2, John A. Williams2, David C. Walker2; 1Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA, 2LSU AgCenter, Baton Rouge, LA62
Evaluation of Cover Crops as a Sustainable Weed Management Strategy in Citrus (Citrus sinensis) Production. Miurel T. Brewer*1, Ramdas Kanissery2, Davie M. Kadyampakeni1; 1University of Florida, Lake Alfred, FL, 2University of Florida - IFAS, Immokalee, FL63
Tolerance of Cotton Chromosomal Substitution Lines to 2,4-D: a Dose-response Study. Willian M. Dar�z Matte*1, Loida M. Perez2, Sukumar Saha3, J Connor Ferguson2, Te-Ming (Paul) Tseng2; 1Maring� State University, Maring� - Paran� State, Brazil, 2Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, MS, 3USDA-ARS, Mississippi State, MS64
Pollen-Mediated Gene Flow Between ALS-Inhibitor-Resistant and -Susceptible Johnsongrass (Sorghum halepense). Aniruddha Maity*, Muthukumar V. Bagavathiannan; Texas A&M University, College Station, TX65
Seed Production Estimation in Late-season Escapes of Amaranthus spp. and Sorghum halepense Using Drone-based Multi-spectral Imagery. Matthew Kutugata*, Chengsong Hu, Bishwa B. Sapkota, Muthukumar V. Bagavathiannan; Texas A&M University, College Station, TX66
Remote Sensing-Based Estimation of Herbicide Drift Injury and Prediction of Yield Loss in Cotton. Bishwa B. Sapkota*1, Zachary S. Howard1, Scott A. Nolte2, Nithya Rajan1, Peter A. Dotray3, Gaylon Morgan4, Muthukumar V. Bagavathiannan1; 1Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, 2Texas A&M AgriLife Extension, College Station, TX, 3Texas Tech University and Texas A&M AgriLife Research and Extension Service, Lubbock, TX, 4Cotton Incorporated, Cary, NC67
Inheritance of 2,4-D Resistance in Palmer Amaranth Population from Kansas. Chandrima Shyam*, Dallas E. Peterson, Mithila Jugulam; Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS68
Cotton Varietal Response to Low Rates of 2,4-D. Kyle R. Russell*1, Peter A. Dotray2, Irish L. B. Pabuayon1, Glen L. Ritchie1; 1Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX, 2Texas Tech University and Texas A&M AgriLife Research and Extension Service, Lubbock, TX69
Evaluation of Shade Cloth to Simulate Palmer Amaranth (Amaranthus palmeri) Competition in Sweetpotato. Levi D. Moore*, Katherine M. Jennings, David Monks, Michael D. Boyette, David L. Jordan, Ramon G. Leon; North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC70
Identification of Candidate Sex Determining Genes in Amaranthus tuberculatus Through Genomic Approaches. Brent P. Murphy*, Patrick Tranel; University of Illinois, Urbana, IL71
Optimizing 2D Image Synthesis Techniques for Training Neural Network-based Weed Detection Models. Chengsong Hu*1, Bishwa B. Sapkota1, John Alex Thomasson2, Muthukumar V. Bagavathiannan1; 1Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, 2Mississippi State University, Starkville, MS72
Will a Drift Reducing Adjuvant Impact the Weed Control in a XtendFlex Soybean? Jesaelen Gizotti de Moraes*, Guilherme Sousa Alves, Jeffrey A. Golus, Greg Kruger; University of Nebraska - Lincoln, North Platte, NE73
Seedling Emergence Patterns of Poa annua in Texas. Andrew W. Osburn*1, Muthukumar V. Bagavathiannan1, Rebecca Bowling2; 1Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, 2Texas A&M University, Dallas, TX74
Investigating Transcriptional Regulation of Metabolic Resistance in Palmer Amaranth (Amaranthus palmeri). Carlos Alberto Gonsiorkiewicz Rigon*1, Anita K�pper2, Roland S. Beffa3, Todd A. Gaines1; 1Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, 2Bayer AG, Frankfurt / Main, Germany, 3Bayer AG, CropScience Division, Frankfort / Main, Germany75
Vegetative Growth of Palmer Amaranth (Amaranthus palmeri) Surviving Glufosinate Treatments in Soybeans (Glycine max). Eric A. Jones*, Marco Antonio Fajardo Menjivar, Diego J. Contreras, Diego E. Salazar, Charlie W. Cahoon, Ramon G. Leon, Wesley Everman; North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC76
Soybean (Glycine max L.) Exposure to Low-Rates of Dicamba. Zachary R. Treadway*1, Todd A. Baughman1, Robbie W. Peterson1, Misha R. Manuchehri2; 1Oklahoma State University, Ardmore, OK, 2Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK77
Using Recombinant Inbred Lines of Sorghum for Studying Genetic Control of Inter-specific Hybridization Between Sorghum bicolor and S. halepense. Usha R. Pedireddi*, Nithya K. Subramanian, George Hodnett, Patricia Klein, William Rooney, Muthukumar V. Bagavathiannan; Texas A&M University, College Station, TX79
Developmental Factors Influencing Resistance to PPO Inhibitors. Abigail Barker*, Franck E. Dayan; Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO80
Can Significant Amounts of Glyphosate and Glufosinate Transfer to Almonds During Harvest Operations? Katie Martin*1, Brad Hanson2; 1University of California - Davis, Davis, CA, 2University of California - Davis, Winters, CA81
Biochemical Characterization of Acetyl-CoA Carboxylase with an Ala2004Val Mutation That Confers Quizalofop Resistance in CoAXium� Wheat. Raven Bough*, Franck E. Dayan, Todd A. Gaines; Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO82
The Effects of Inter-seeded Winter Wheat on Weed Suppression and Soybean Yield. Madison R. Decker*, Ronald F. Krausz, Karla L. Gage; Southern Illinois University Carbondale, Carbondale, IL83

POSTER - MS STUDENT CONTEST

Investigation of Management Strategies to Optimize Cover Crop-Based Weed Mitigation in Canadian Sweet Corn Production. Hayley Brackenridge*1, Jichul Bae2, Marie-Josee Simard3, Francois Tardif1, Kerry Bosveld4, Robert E. Nurse4; 1University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada, 2Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Agassiz, BC, Canada, 3Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Saint-jean-sur-richelieu, QC, Canada, 4Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Harrow, ON, Canada84
Crop Response and Weed Management Systems Utilizing Isoxaflutole in HPPD Tolerant Cotton. Delaney C. Foster*1, Peter A. Dotray2, Corey Thompson3, Greg Baldwin4, Frederick T. Moore5; 1Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX, 2Texas Tech University and Texas A&M AgriLife Research and Extension Service, Lubbock, TX, 3BASF, Abernathy, TX, 4BASF, Research Triangle Park, NC, 5BASF, Lubbock, TX85
Assessing St. Augustinegrass (Stenotaphrum secundatum) Grow-in Following Preemergence Herbicide Application. Amy L. Wilber*1, James D. McCurdy2, Joby Czarnecki1, Barry Stewart1, Hongxu Dong1; 1Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, MS, 2Mississippi State University, Starkville, MS86
Crabgrass (Digitaria sanguinalis) COntrol by Tank Mixes and Carrier Volumes Used in 2,4-D Resistant Soybeans. Chad J. Lammers*, Sarah Lancaster, Tyler P. Meyeres; Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS87
Interaction of Trifludimoxazin + Saflufenacil and Pyroxasulfone for Control of False Cleavers (Galium spurium). Kathryn Aldridge*, Eric N. Johnson, Steve J. Shirtliffe; University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada88
Efficacy and Crop Safety of Dimethenamid-P, S-Metolachlor, and Pyroxasulfone for Management of ALS-Inhibitor-Resistant Palmer Amaranth (Amaranthus palmeri) in Dry Edible Bean. Joshua Wa Miranda Teo*1, Jeff Bradshaw1, Amit J. Jhala2, Nevin Lawrence3; 1University of Nebraska - Lincoln, Scottsbluff, NE, 2University of Nebraska - Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, 3University of Nebraska, Scottsbluff, NE89
Activity Interactions of a Gambit Plus Propanil Mixture in Rice Production. John A. Williams*1, Eric Webster2, Bradley Greer2, David C. Walker1, Connor Webster1, Samer Y. Rustom1; 1LSU AgCenter, Baton Rouge, LA, 2Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA90
The Impact of Application Equipment and Methodology on Hexazinone Efficacy for Controlling Smutgrass (Sporobolus Indicus). Mason T. House*1, Zachary S. Howard1, Scott A. Nolte2; 1Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, 2Texas A&M AgriLife Extension, College Station, TX91
Rice Response and Weed Control of Clomazone Applied at Different Timing in a Continuous Rice Flood System. Aaron Becerra-Alvarez*, Kassim Al-Khatib; University of California - Davis, Davis, CA92
Effects of Interseeding Corn and Alfalfa on Weed Population Dynamics. Sarah A. Chu*1, Erin E. Burns2; 1Michigan State University, Lansing, MI, 2Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI93
Confirmation of Widespread Distribution of Herbicide-Resistant Waterhemp (Amaranthus tuberculatus) in Wisconsin. Felipe A. Faleco*, Nicholas J. Arneson, Mark J. Renz, David E. Stoltenberg, Rodrigo Werle; University of Wisconsin - Madison, Madison, WI94
Response of Established Peppermint (Mentha � piperita) to Pyroxasulfone: a Greenhouse Study. Jeanine Arana*, Stephen L. Meyers, Brandi C. Woolam; Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN95
Tolerance of Rice Cultivars to Florpyrauxifen-benzyl Followed by Benzobicyclon. James W. Beesinger*, Jason K. Norsworthy, Leonard B. Piveta, Tristen H. Avent; University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR96
Rescue Control of Palmer Amaranth (Amaranthus palmeri) in 2,4-D Resistant Soybean. Spencer J. Michael*, Kevin W. Bamber, Michael L. Flessner; Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA97
Sensitivity of Fluazifop-Resistant Grain Sorghum to ACCase-inhibiting Herbicides. Jacob A. Fleming*1, Jason K. Norsworthy1, Muthukumar V. Bagavathiannan2, Leonard B. Piveta1; 1University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR, 2Texas A&M University, College Station, TX98
Use of Mulches and Herbicides on Non-rooted Cuttings and Their Effect on Root Growth After Transplant. Isha Poudel*, Anthony L. Witcher; Tennessee State University, Mcminnville, TN99
Greenhouse and Laboratory Investigations of an ALS-inhibitor Herbicide-Resistant Fall Panicum Accession from Wisconsin. Jose J. Nunes*1, Damilola A. Raiyemo2, Nicholas J. Arneson1, Patrick Tranel3, Rodrigo Werle1; 1University of Wisconsin - Madison, Madison, WI, 2University of Idaho, Moscow, ID, 3University of Illinois, Urbana, IL100
Amaranthus palmeri ppo2 (?G210) Mutation Confers Resistance to Preemergence Application of Fomesafen in Rice. Pamela Carvalho-Moore*1, Gulab Rangani1, Shan Zhao1, Ana Claudia Langaro2, Vibha Srivastava1, Nilda Roma-Burgos1; 1University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR, 2Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Seropedica, Brazil101
Minimizing Off-target Movement of Florpyrauxifen-benzyl to Soybean. Bodie Cotter*, Jason K. Norsworthy, James W. Beesinger, Mason C. Castner, Grant L. Priess; University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR102
Field Surveys for Assessing Weed Seedbank Additional Potential and Feasibility of Harvest Weed Seed Control in Texas Rice. Isidor Ceperkovic*1, Xin-Gen Zhou2, Muthukumar V. Bagavathiannan1; 1Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, 2Texas A&M University, Beaumont, TX103
Weed-suppressive Potential of Sweetpotato Cultivars on Targeted Weed Species. Isabel S. Werle*1, Matheus Machado Noguera1, Pamela Carvalho de Lima1, Jeremie Kouame1, Te-Ming (Paul) Tseng2, Nilda Roma-Burgos1; 1University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR, 2Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, MS104
Effect of Surfactants on Postemergent Applications of Glyphosate and Glufosinate on Palmer Amaranth (Amaranthus palmeri) and Kochia (Bassia scoparia). Ely D. Anderson*1, Bruno C. Vieira1, Susan Sun2, Greg Kruger1; 1University of Nebraska - Lincoln, North Platte, NE, 2Croda Inc., New Castle, DE105
Metribuzin Tolerance of Winter Wheat Varieties in Oklahoma. Lane S. Newlin*1, Misha R. Manuchehri1, Brett F. Carver1, Amanda De Oliveira Silva1, Hannah C. Lindell1, Justin T. Childers2, Caitlyn C. Carnahan1; 1Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK, 2Oklahoma State University, Marlow, OK106
Season-Long Horseweed (Erigeron canadensis L.) Suppression with Fall-Seeded Cereal Cover Crops and Narrow Soybean Row Widths. Justine L. Fisher*, Christy Sprague; Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI107
Weed Management Systems in XtendFlex Soybean. Adam L. Constine*, Christy Sprague; Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI108
Interaction of Glyphosate and Dicamba Tank Mixtures on Glyphosate-resistant Horseweed (Erigeron canadensis) and Barnyardgrass (Echinochloa crus-galli) Control. Estefania Gomiero Polli*1, Leandro H S Guimaraes1, Jose H. de Sanctis2, Guilherme Sousa Alves1, Greg Kruger1; 1University of Nebraska - Lincoln, North Platte, NE, 2University of Nebraska - Lincoln, Lincoln, NE109
Influence of Cover Crop Termination Timing with Soil Residual Herbicides on Palmer Amaranth Control in No-till Soybean. Isaac N. Effertz*1, Vipan Kumar2, Anita Dille1, Augustine Obour2; 1Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, 2Kansas State University, Hays, KS110
Testing Redekop� Seed Destructor for Managing Herbicide-Resistant Waterhemp Seed Bank at Soybean Harvest in Iowa. Alexis L. Meadows*, Prashant Jha, Ramawatar Yadav, Avery J. Bennett, Ryan Hamberg, Edward Dearden; Iowa State University, Ames, IA111
Potential Sweetpotato Yield Losses Due to Weeds. Fnu Chitra*1, Sushila Chaudhari2, Katherine M. Jennings1, Stephen L. Meyers3, Mark W. Shankle4, A Stanley Culpepper5, Mark VanGessel6, Charlie W. Cahoon1, Donnie Miller7, Levi D. Moore1, Shawn C. Beam8, Nilda Roma-Burgos9; 1North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, 2Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, 3Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, 4Mississippi State University, Verona, MS, 5University of Georgia, Tifton, GA, 6University of Delaware, Georgetown, DE, 7Louisiana State University AgCenter, St .Joseph, LA, 8Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, 9University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR112
Monitoring the Frequency and Distribution of Herbicide-Resistant Waterhemp (Amaranthus tuberculatus) Populations in Iowa. Ryan C. Hamberg*, Prashant Jha, Ramawatar Yadav, Avery J. Bennett, Alexis L. Meadows, Edward S. Dearden, Iththiphonh A. Macvilay; Iowa State University, Ames, IA113
Poa annua (Annual Bluegrass) Presents a Large Diversity of Mutations That Endow Target-Site Resistance. Claudia A. Rutland*1, Nathan D. Hall1, James D. McCurdy2, Lambert B. McCarty3, James Brosnan4, Travis Gannon5, Daniel Hathcoat6, Muthukumar V. Bagavathiannan6, Joseph S. McElroy1; 1Auburn University, Auburn, AL, 2Mississippi State University, Starkville, MS, 3Clemson University, Clemson, SC, 4University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, 5North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, 6Texas A&M University, College Station, TX114
Poa annua (Annual Bluegrass) Species Response to Preemergence Herbicides with Differing Target-Site Mutations. Eli C. Russell*; Auburn University, Auburn, AL115
Integrated Management of Rescuegrass (Bromus catharticus) in Grain Only Winter Wheat Production in the Southern Great Plains. Hannah C. Lindell*1, Misha R. Manuchehri1, Todd A. Baughman2, Emi Kimura3, Gary Strickland4, David Graf5, Brett F. Carver1, Lane S. Newlin1, Justin T. Childers1, Caitlyn C. Carnahan1; 1Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK, 2Oklahoma State University, Ardmore, OK, 3Texas A&M University, Vernon, TX, 4Oklahoma State University, Altus, OK, 5Texas A&M University, Iowa Park, TX116
Efficacy of Chaff-Lining in Managing Herbicide-Resistant Waterhemp (Amaranthus tuberculatus) Seedbanks. Avery J. Bennett*, Prashant Jha, Alexis L. Meadows, Ramawatar Yadav, Ryan Hamberg, Edward Dearden; Iowa State University, Ames, IA117
Pumpkin Growth and Yield Response to Simulated Dicamba Drift. Lindsey M. Orphan*, Karla L. Gage, S. Alan Walters; Southern Illinois University Carbondale, Carbondale, IL118

3MT - 3MT PHD

Flattening the Curve: Using Multiple Tactics to Delay the Spread of Herbicide Resistance. Lavesta C. Hand*1, Taylor M. Randell1, Robert L. Nichols2, Larry Steckel3, A Stanley Culpepper1; 1University of Georgia, Tifton, GA, 2Cotton Incorporated, Cary, NC, 3University of Tennessee, Jackson, TN119
The Effect of Substrate Stratification and Fertilizer Placement on the Common Liverwort (Marchantia Polymorpha) Establishment and Growth of Blue Plumbago (Plumbago Auriculata) in Container Nursery Production. Yuvraj Khamare*1, Stephen C. Marble2, James Altland3, Annette Chandler1; 1University of Florida, Apopka, FL, 2University of Florida - Mid Florida Research and Education Center, Apopka, FL, 3USDA-ARS, Wooster, OH120
Allelopathy: Weeds Practicing Social Distancing. Varsha Varsha*1, Te-Ming (Paul) Tseng2; 1Mississippi State University, Starkville, MS, 2Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, MS121
Variable Weather and Implications for Herbicides Efficacy and Yield Loss Due to Weeds. Christopher A. Landau*1, Adam Davis1, Patrick Tranel1, Aaron Hager1, Nicolas F. Martin1, Martin Williams2; 1University of Illinois, Urbana, IL, 2USDA-ARS, Urbana, IL122
Residual Activity of Glyphosate Damages Transplant Squash But Can be Influenced by Tillage and Irrigation. Taylor M. Randell*1, Jenna C. Vance1, Lavesta C. Hand1, Hannah E. Wright2, A Stanley Culpepper1; 1University of Georgia, Tifton, GA, 2University of Georgia, Athens, GA123
The Effect of Florpyrauxifen-benzyl and Other Pasture Herbicides on Sward Composition. Wykle C. Greene*, Michael L. Flessner, Kevin W. Bamber, Matthew P. Spoth, Cynthia Sias; Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA124
The Effects of Cereal Rye (Secale cereale) Seeding Rate and Termination Timing on Weed Control and Soybean Yield. Alyssa Essman*, Mark Loux, Anthony Dobbels, Alexander Lindsey; The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH125
Can We Improve Detection Methods for Herbicide Residues in Plants? Hannah E. Wright*1, John Shugart2, Carrie Crabtree2, Taylor M. Randell3, Lavesta C. Hand3, A Stanley Culpepper3; 1University of Georgia, Athens, GA, 2Georgia Department of Agriculture, Tifton, GA, 3University of Georgia, Tifton, GA126
Seasonal Herbicide Efficacy for Smutgrass (Sporobolus indicus) Control in Improved Pastures in Texas. Zachary S. Howard*1, Mason T. House1, Matthew Matocha2, Scott A. Nolte3; 1Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, 2Texas A&M AgriLife Extension Service, College Station, TX, 3Texas A&M AgriLife Extension, College Station, TX127
From Pest to Pal: Discovering Stress Tolerant Weedy Rice. Shandrea D. Stallworth*1, Swati Shrestha1, Brooklyn C. Schumaker2, Nilda Roma-Burgos3, Te-Ming (Paul) Tseng1; 1Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, MS, 2Mississippi State University, Starkville, MS, 3University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR128
Utility of Potassium Tetraborate Tetrahydrate as a Dicamba Volatility Reduction Agent. Mason C. Castner*, Jason K. Norsworthy, Trenton L. Roberts, Maria Leticia M. Zaccaro; University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR129
Optimization of Glufosinate Efficacy in Low-light Conditions. Grant L. Priess*, Jason K. Norsworthy, Maria Leticia M. Zaccaro, Mason C. Castner, Rodger B. Farr; University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR130
Aspects of Growth and Development of Female and Male Palmer Amaranth (Amaranthus palmeri). Ednaldo A. Borgato*, Mithila Jugulam, Anita Dille; Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS131
Evaluation of Multi-tactic Weed Management Strategies to Target Palmer Amaranth in Cotton. Sarah E. Kezar*1, Delaney C. Foster2, Michael M. Houston3, Peter A. Dotray4, Jason K. Norsworthy3, Ramon G. Leon5, Gaylon Morgan6, Muthukumar V. Bagavathiannan1, Fernando Oreja5; 1Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, 2Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX, 3University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR, 4Texas Tech University and Texas A&M AgriLife Research and Extension Service, Lubbock, TX, 5North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, 6Cotton Incorporated, Cary, NC132
Could Epigenetics Help to Understand Herbicide Resistance in Weeds? Gourav Sharma*, Jacob Barney, Shawn Askew, James Westwood, David C. Haak; Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA133
Controlling Palmer Amaranth: A Growing Threat to US Cotton Production Systems. Rohith Vulchi*1, Muthukumar V. Bagavathiannan1, Joshua A. McGinty2, Scott A. Nolte3; 1Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, 2Texas A&M AgriLife Extension, Corpus Christi, TX, 3Texas A&M AgriLife Extension, College Station, TX134
Using Living Mulch in Reduced Tillage Organic Soybeans. Veronica Yurchak*, Cerruti R. Hooks; University of Maryland, College Park, MD135
Assessing Genetic Diversity in Weed-suppressive Cotton Chromosome Substitution Lines. Worlanyo Segbefia*1, Grace Fuller1, Sukumar Saha1, Te-Ming (Paul) Tseng2; 1Mississippi State University, Starkville, MS, 2Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, MS136
Antagonizing Effects of Dicamba Tank Mixes in Controlling Echinochloa. Clay M. Perkins*1, Larry Steckel1, Thomas C. Mueller2; 1University of Tennessee, Jackson, TN, 2University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN137
Influence of Environment and Soybean Trait Adoption on Dicamba Concentrations in Rainwater and Air Deposits in Missouri. Eric G. Oseland*, Mandy Bish, Kevin W. Bradley; University of Missouri, Columbia, MO138
Shedding Light on the Power of Plant Competition. Nicole Berardi*, Clarence Swanton; University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada139
Maximizing Cotton Defoliation Efficacy. Jacob P. McNeal*1, Darrin M. Dodds1, Brian K. Pieralisi2, Greg Kruger3, Bradley J. Norris1, John J. Williams1, William J. Rutland4, Steven D. Hall4; 1Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, MS, 2Mississippi State University, Stoneville, MS, 3University of Nebraska - Lincoln, North Platte, NE, 4Mississippi State University, Starkville, MS140
Many Little Hammers to Manage Herbicide-Resistant Waterhemp (Amaranthus tuberculatus) in Iowa Corn and Soybean. Ramawatar Yadav*, Prashant Jha, Avery J. Bennett, Ryan Hamberg, Alexis L. Meadows, Edward Steven Dearden; Iowa State University, Ames, IA141
Accessing Genetic Diversity in Cotton Chromosomal Substitution Lines Tolerant to Sublethal Rate of 2,4-D Using Molecular Markers. Josiane C. Argenta*1, Te-Ming (Paul) Tseng2; 1Mississippi State University, Starkville, MS, 2Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, MS142
Quantifying Pesticide Concentrations Using a Simulated Vegetable Bed. Kayla M. Eason*1, Timothy L. Grey1, A Stanley Culpepper1, Nicholas L. Hurdle2, Juliana de Souza Rodrigues1; 1University of Georgia, Tifton, GA, 2University of Georgia, Collierville, TN143
Investigating Soybean Response from Dicamba and the Environmental and Chemical Influences That Lead to Increased Dicamba Volatility. Matthew Osterholt*1, William G. Johnson1, Manoj Ghaste1, Joshua R. Widhalm1, Scott McAdam1, Bryan G. Young2; 1Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, 2Purdue University, Brookston, IN144
Using Bacterial Endophyte MS79 as Bioherbicide to Control Weeds. Mohammad R. Alsabri*; University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY145
The Effects of Increased CO2 Concentration in the Atmosphere on Weed Morphology, Development and Resistance. Juliana de Souza Rodrigues*, Timothy L. Grey; University of Georgia, Tifton, GA146

3MT - 3MT MS

Quantifying Vegetable Crops Response to Simulated Dicamba Drift Rates Using Image Analysis Techniques. Maggie H. Wasacz*1, David J. Mayonado2, Mark VanGessel3, Matthew T. Elmore4, Thierry E. Besancon5; 1Rutgers University, Wall Township, NJ, 2Affiliation Not Specified, Hebron, MD, 3University of Delaware, Georgetown, DE, 4Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ, 5Rutgers University, Chatsworth, NJ149
What's Old is New Again: Revisiting Alternative Weed Management Strategies for Palmer Amaranth (Amaranthus palmeri) Control. Rodger B. Farr*1, Jason K. Norsworthy1, Tom Barber2, Thomas R. Butts2, Grant L. Priess1, James W. Beesinger1; 1University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR, 2University of Arkansas System Division of Agriculture, Lonoke, AR150
Use of an Unmanned Aerial System for Detecting Low Rates of 2,4-D Injury in Cotton. Ubaldo Torres*1, Peter A. Dotray2, Kyle R. Russell1, Wenxuan Guo3, Murilo M. Maeda4; 1Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX, 2Texas Tech University and Texas A&M AgriLife Research and Extension Service, Lubbock, TX, 3Texas Tech University and Texas A&M AgriLife Research, Lubbock, TX, 4Texas A&M AgriLife Extension, Lubbock, TX151
Improving Cotton, the Fabric of Your Life. Mary Gracen A. Fuller*; Mississippi State University, Starkville, MS152
Safening of Chloroacetamide Applications with a Rice Seed Treatment. Tristen H. Avent*1, Jason K. Norsworthy1, Scott Rushing2, Andy Hurst3; 1University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR, 2UPL, Jonesboro, AR, 3UPL, Macon, GA153
Evapotranspiration of Palmer Amaranth (Amaranthus palmeri) in Corn/soybean and Non-crop Situation Under Subsurface Drip and Center-pivot Irrigation Systems. Jasmine M. Mausbach*1, Suat Irmak1, Debalin Sarangi2, John Lindquist1, Amit J. Jhala1; 1University of Nebraska - Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, 2University of Wyoming, Laramie, WY154
Auxin-type Herbicide and Rhizobia Application for Weed Control and Nodulation Potential in Auxin-Tolerant Soybean. Joy Amajioyi*, Sharon Clay; South Dakota State University, Brookings, SD155
Harvest Loss in Corn and Volunteerism. Trey Stephens*, Jenny Rees, Amit J. Jhala; University of Nebraska - Lincoln, Lincoln, NE156
Effect of Herbicide and Nitrogen Inhibitors on Nitrification in Corn. William Neels*, Amit J. Jhala, Richard Little, Bijesh Maharjan, Laila Puntel, Javed Iqbal; University of Nebraska - Lincoln, Lincoln, NE157
Economics of Overlapping Residual Herbicide Programs for Control of Glyphosate-resistant Palmer Amaranth in Soybean. Shawn T. McDonald*1, Adam Striegel1, Prashant Jha2, Amit J. Jhala1; 1University of Nebraska - Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, 2Iowa State University, Ames, IA158
Evaluation of Electrocution as a Method of Managing Problematic Weeds. Haylee E. Schreier*, Kevin W. Bradley, Mandy Bish, Brian Dintelmann; University of Missouri, Columbia, MO159
A Multi-state Evaluation of the Response of Waterhemp Populations to Dicamba and Glufosinate. Travis Winans*, Brian Dintelmann, Mandy Bish, Kevin W. Bradley; University of Missouri, Columbia, MO160
Impact of Tillage Regime and Cover Cropping on Weed Dynamics in Organic Cotton Production. McKenzie J. Barth*, Muthukumar V. Bagavathiannan; Texas A&M University, College Station, TX161
Integrated Physical and Cultural Weed Management in Table Beets. Daniel M. Priddy*, Daniel C. Brainard, Zachary D. Hayden, Monique Hemker; Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI162
Response of Non-Irrigated Peanut to Delayed Flumioxazin Applications. Nicholas L. Hurdle*1, Timothy L. Grey2, Walter S. Monfort2; 1University of Georgia, Collierville, TN, 2University of Georgia, Tifton, GA163

ORAL - 10. PHYSIOLOGY

The International Weed Genomics Consortium: the Growing Community Resources for Weed Genomics Research. Todd A. Gaines*1, Eric L. Patterson2, Sarah Morran1, Dana R. MacGregor3, Roland S. Beffa4, Joseph S. McElroy5, Mithila Jugulam6, Patrick Tranel7; 1Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, 2Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, 3Rothamsted Research, Harpenden, United Kingdom, 4Bayer AG, CropScience Division, Frankfort / Main, Germany, 5Auburn University, Auburn, AL, 6Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, 7University of Illinois, Urbana, IL164
The Reactivation and Expansion of FHY3/FAR1-Like Genes in Bassia scoparia (Kochia) and its Impact of Glyphosate Resistance. Jinyi Chen1, Nathan D. Hall*1, Christopher A. Saski2, Todd A. Gaines3, Eric L. Patterson1; 1Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, 2Clemson University, Clemson, SC, 3Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO165
Putting it Together: Multiomic Insights into Epigenetic Driven Herbicide Stress Responses. Suzanne Laliberte*, Gourav Sharma, Jacob Barney, Shawn Askew, James Westwood, David C. Haak; Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA166
How Sub-Lethal Doses of Herbicides and Abiotic Stresses Shape the Sorghum bicolor Methylome. Gourav Sharma*, Jacob Barney, Shawn Askew, James Westwood, David C. Haak; Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA167
Analysis of Poa annua (Annual Bluegrass) Genome Reveals Subgenome Bias for Herbicide-Resistance-Endowing Mutations. Claudia A. Rutland*, Nathan D. Hall, Joseph S. McElroy; Auburn University, Auburn, AL168
Family Dynamics of EPSPS Gene Copy Number and Gene Flow in Glyphosate-Resistant Kochia. Philip Westra*, Andrew Effertz, Todd A. Gaines, Crystal D. Sparks; Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO169

ORAL - 02. HORTICULTURAL CROPS

Holistic Carrot Production Systems for Season-Long Weed Management: A Model for Other Crops? Jed Colquhoun*, Richard Rittmeyer, Daniel J. Heider; University of Wisconsin - Madison, Madison, WI170
Which Way Should Pendimethalin be Applied in Onion: PRE, Delayed PRE, or Early POST? Harlene M. Hatterman-Valenti*, Collin P. Auwarter; North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND171
Weed Control in Direct-Seeded Onion with Pyroxasulfone Herbicide. Joel Felix*, Joey Ishida; Oregon State University, Ontario, OR172
Acorn Squash, Butternut Squash, and Bell Pepper Response to Fomesafen PRE. Stephen L. Meyers*, Jeanine Arana, Brandi C. Woolam; Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN173
Evaluation of Herbicide Combinations for Improving Weed Control Efficacy in Florida Citrus. Ramdas Kanissery*; University of Florida - IFAS, Immokalee, FL174
Peppermint (Mentha x Piperita) Response to Post-harvest Application of Tiafenacil. Brandi C. Woolam*, Stephen L. Meyers, Jeanine Arana; Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN175

SYMPOSIUM - 5. SUSTAINABLE WEED MANAGEMENT � WHAT IS IT AND HOW ARE WE DOING?

Sustainability and Weed Control - is it a Compatible Tank Mix? Travis Legleiter*; University of Kentucky, Princeton, KY176
Beyond Sustainable: A Food System to Restore the Planet. Michael Doane*; The Nature Conservancy, Kansas City, MO177
What Sustainable Innovation Means to Me. Reza Rasoulpour*; Corteva Agriscience, Indianapolis, IN178
Perspectives on Sustainability from the WSSA-Herbicide Resistance Education Committee. Jill Schroeder*; New Mexico State University, Las Cruces, NM179
Integrated Weed Management, from Buzzword to Reality. Catherine M. De Vulder*; Bayer AG, Monheim, Germany180
How Corteva is Shaping a Sustainable Future: Corteva Sustainability 2030 Goals. Todd Pilcher*; Corteva Agriscience, Indianapolis, IN181
5 Simple Ways to Communicate Our Role in Sustainability. Karen Meinders*; Corteva Agriscience, Indianapolis, IN182

ORAL - 03. TURF AND ORNAMENTALS

Understanding the Basis for Increased 2,4-D Tolerance in Red Clover (Trifolium pratense): Field Evaluations, Metabolism, and Gene Expression. Lucas Araujo*1, Michael Barrett1, Randy Dinkins2, Troy Bass2, Gene Olson1, Linda D. Williams1; 1University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, 2U. S. Department of Agriculture, Lexington, KY183
ALS Inhibitor Resistance in Cyperus difformis Has Multiple Metabolic Pathways. Alex R. Ceseski*, Kassim Al-Khatib; University of California - Davis, Davis, CA184
Indaziflam Resistance in Annual Bluegrass (Poa annua L). Jinyi Chen*1, Eric L. Patterson2; 1Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, 2Clemson University, Clemson, SC185
Identification of Goosegrass (Eleusine indica) Resistant to Dithiopyr and Dinitroaniline Herbicides. Eli C. Russell*; Auburn University, Auburn, AL186
Control of Purple Amaranth, an Emerging Weed in Michigan Vegetable Production. Sushila Chaudhari*, Erin C. Hill; Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI188

ORAL - 11. SOIL AND ENVIRONMENTAL ASPECTS

Pesticide Movement in the Atmosphere: It's Complicated. Mandy Bish*, Eric G. Oseland, Kevin W. Bradley; University of Missouri, Columbia, MO189
Evaluation of Dicamba Volatility Reducing Agents Under Different Environmental Conditions. Ryan D. Langemeier*1, Steve Li1, Rodrigo Werle2, Greg Kruger3, Katilyn J. Price1, Sarah V. Striegel2, Bruno C. Vieira4; 1Auburn University, Auburn, AL, 2University of Wisconsin - Madison, Madison, WI, 3University of Nebraska - Lincoln, North Platte, NE, 4University of Nebraska - Lincoln, Lincoln, NE190
Characterize the Effect of Off-Target Synthetic Auxin Exposure to Tobacco. Patrick J. Maxwell*, Travis Gannon, Matthew C. Vann; North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC191
Impact of Spray Target Surface and Glufosinate on Dicamba Volatility. Maria Leticia M. Zaccaro*, Jason K. Norsworthy, Leonard B. Piveta, Michael M. Houston; University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR192
Snap Bean Morphological and Yield Response to Sublethal Rates of Dicamba. Maggie H. Wasacz*1, Baylee L. Carr2, Mark VanGessel3, Lynn M. Sosnoskie4, Thierry E. Besancon2; 1Rutgers University, Wall Township, NJ, 2Rutgers University, Chatsworth, NJ, 3University of Delaware, Georgetown, DE, 4Cornell University, Geneva, NY193
Response of Peach Trees to Low Rates of Dicamba Using Sequential Applications and Varying Droplet Sizes. Matthew B. Bertucci*, Jason K. Norsworthy, Michael M. Houston, Leonard B. Piveta; University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR194

ORAL - 06. TEACHING AND EXTENSION

Connecting Electronically with Farmers and Agronomy Professionals. Jeanne S. Falk Jones*; Kansas State University, Colby, KS195
Farmer's Perception of Weedy Rice (Oryza sativa Var spontanea) from Southern Luzon, Philippines. Analiza Henedina M. Ramirez*, Clare Hazel R. Tabernilla, Priscilla M. Barcial; UP Los Banos, College, Los Banos, Laguna, Philippines196
Bridging the Knowing-Doing Gap in the Science, Policy, and Management of Invasive Species. Jacob Barney*, Vasiliy T. Lakoba, David C. Haak, Scott Salom, Todd Schenk, Bryan Brown; Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA197
A Review of Selected Published Herbicide Resistance Validations. Harry J. Strek*1, Ian M. Heap2, Mark Peterson3; 1Bayer AG, Frankfurt / Main, Germany, 2WeedScience LLC, Corvallis, OR, 3Affiliation Not Specified, West Lafayette, IN199
Insights into Publishing in Weed Science. William K. Vencill*; University of Georgia, Athens, GA200

ORAL - 10. PHYSIOLOGY

The Genetic Architecture of HPPD-Inhibitor Resistance in Amaranthus tuberculatus.. Brent P. Murphy*, Patrick Tranel; University of Illinois, Urbana, IL201
Identifying and Quantifying Resistance to Soil-Applied Herbicides in Multiple-Resistant Waterhemp (Amaranthus tuberculatus) Seedlings Using a Soilless Greenhouse Assay. Dylan R. Kerr*, Seth A. Strom, Jeanaflor Crystal T. Concepcion, Dean E. Riechers; University of Illinois, Urbana, IL202
Resistance Mechanism to a Non-Selective HPPD-inhibiting Herbicide in Waterhemp Involves Multiple Detoxification Pathways. Jeanaflor Crystal T. Concepcion*1, Shiv S. Kaundun2, James A. Morris2, Sarah-Jane Hutchings2, Anatoli V. Lygin1, Dean E. Riechers1; 1University of Illinois, Urbana, IL, 2Syngenta, Bracknell, United Kingdom203
Herbicide-Resistance In Waterhemp (Amaranthus tuberculatus) Identified in Israel is Due to a Long Distance Gene Transfer. Inon Yadid, Aviv Zinger, Zvi Peleg, Baruch Rubin*; Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot, Israel204
Distinct Metabolic Mechanisms for Tolerance and Resistance to S-Metolachlor in Corn and Two Illinois Waterhemp (Amaranthus tuberculatus) Populations. Seth Strom*1, Aaron Hager1, Adam Davis1, Shiv S. Kaundun2, Dean E. Riechers1; 1University of Illinois, Urbana, IL, 2Syngenta, Bracknell, United Kingdom205
Suppressing Herbicide-Resistant Amaranthus Populations by Inhibiting Reproduction. Efrat Lidor Nili*1, Ido Shwartz1, Herve Huet1, Miriam Aminia1, A Stanley Culpepper2, Micheal D. Owen3, Orly Noivirt-Brik1; 1WeedOUT, Ness Ziona, Israel, 2University of Georgia, Tifton, GA, 3Affiliation Not Specified, Ames, IA206

ORAL - 11. SOIL AND ENVIRONMENTAL ASPECTS

Spray Drift of Florpyrauxifen-Benzyl from Ground Spray Equipment and Agricultural Aircraft. Thomas R. Butts*1, Tom Barber1, Jason K. Norsworthy2, W Jeremy Ross1, Gus M. Lorenz3, John J. Adamczyk4; 1University of Arkansas System Division of Agriculture, Lonoke, AR, 2University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR, 3University of Arkansas, Lonoke, AR, 4USDA-ARS, West Poplarville, MS207
2,4-D Drift Delays Hazelnut Abscission. Marcelo L. Moretti*, Larissa Larocca De Souza; Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR208
Effect of Simulated Herbicide Drift on Agronomic Crops. Ronald R. Rogers*, Travis Gannon, Patrick J. Maxwell, Daniel Freund, Shwetha S. Ramanathan, Mathieu LeCompte; North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC209
Assessment of Triclopyr Non-Target Injury to Native Shrubs Following Basal Bark Treatment. Stephen F. Enloe*, Conrad Oberweger; University of Florida, Gainesville, FL210

ORAL - 14. STUDENT TRAVEL ENRICHMENT EXPERIENCE

The Intersection of Weed Science and Politics: What We Learned During Our Virtual Science Policy Fellowships. Vasiliy T. Lakoba*1, Lavesta C. Hand2, Lee Van Wychen3; 1Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, 2University of Georgia, Tifton, GA, 3Weed Science Society of America, Alexandria, VA211

ORAL - 12. INTEGRATED WEED MANAGEMENT

Weed Control and Herbicide Tolerance of Establishing White Clover (Trifolium repens) as a Living Mulch. Nicholas T. Basinger*, Nicholas S. Hill; University of Georgia, Athens, GA212
Multi-Species And Intensified Cover Crops for California Nut Tree Orchards. Steven C. Haring*1, Brad Hanson2; 1University of California - Davis, Davis, CA, 2University of California - Davis, Winters, CA213
Using Weed-Suppressive Corn and Cover Crops for Weed Management and Increased Profitability of Corn. Rachel Nobles*1, Gracen A. Fuller2, W. Brien Henry1, Te-Ming (Paul) Tseng1; 1Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, MS, 2Mississippi State University, Starkville, MS214
Evaluating Cover Crop Termination Timing on Cover Crop Biomass, Weed Suppression, and Ultimate Yield Goal Outcome. Cynthia Sias*, Michael L. Flessner, Kevin W. Bamber; Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA215
Evaluation of Cover Crop, Herbicide, and Tillage Combinations for Integrated Weed Management. Kurt M. Vollmer*1, Mark VanGessel2, Barbara A. Scott2, Quintin R. Johnson2; 1University of Maryland, Queenstown, MD, 2University of Delaware, Georgetown, DE216
Using Soil Steaming and Cover-Crops for Weed Management and Increased Profitability of Organic Tomato Production. Sydney Stockwell*1, Shandrea D. Stallworth1, Isabel S. Werle1, Clay Cheroni2, Shaun R. Broderick2, Te-Ming (Paul) Tseng1; 1Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, MS, 2Mississippi State University, Crystal Springs, MS217

ORAL - 04. PASTURE, RANGE, FOREST, & RIGHTS OF WAYS, WILDLAND, AND AQUATIC INVASIVE PLANTS

INHABIT: a Web Application to Deliver Habitat Suitability Models and Bridge the Scientist-Practitioner Divide. Peder S. Engelstad*1, Catherine Jarnevich2, Terri Hogan3, Helen Sofaer4, Ian Pearse2, Jennifer Sieracki3, Nicholas E. Young1, Janet Prevey2, Jillian LaRoe2, Pairsa Belmaric2; 1Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, 2U.S. Geological Survey, Fort Collins Science Center, Fort Collins, CO, 3National Park Service, Fort Collins, CO, 4U.S. Geological Survey, Pacific Island Ecosystems Science Center, Hawaii National Park, HI218
Niche Dynamics of a Global Invader. Vasiliy T. Lakoba*1, Daniel Z. Atwater2, Jacob Barney1; 1Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, 2Earlham College, Richmond, IN219
Evaluating the Impact of Timed Hexazinone Applications on Brunswickgrass. Clay Cooper*1, Brent A. Sellers2; 1University of Florida, Lecanto, FL, 2University of Florida, Ona, FL220

SYMPOSIUM - 2. A HISTORY, OVERVIEW, AND PLAN OF ACTION ON PPO INHIBITING HERBICIDES

Discovery and Mode of Action of Protoporphyrinogen Oxidase-Inhibiting Herbicides. Stephen O. Duke*1, Franck E. Dayan2, Abigail Barker2; 1University of Mississippi, Oxford, MS, 2Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO223
History and Distribution of PPO-Resistant Weeds. Roland S. Beffa*; Bayer AG, CropScience Division, Frankfort / Main, Germany224
Mechanisms of Resistance to PPO Inhibitors. Patrick Tranel*; University of Illinois, Urbana, IL225
Greenhouse and Lab Methodologies for Detection of Resistance to PPO-Inhibiting Herbicides. R Joseph Wuerffel*; Syngenta, Gerald, MO226
How Does Resistance to PPO-inhibitors Compare with Other MOA Resistance? Bryan G. Young*; Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN227
PPO Biochemistry and Protein Structure as Tools for Optimizing New Herbicide Candidates and Resistance Research. Aimone Porri*1, Rex A. Liebl2, Raphael Aponte1, Douglas A. Findley3, Michael Betz1, Jens Lerchl1; 1BASF Corp, Limburgerhof, Germany, 2BASF Corp, Raleigh, NC, 3BASF Corp, Research Triangle Park, NC228
Herbicide Resistant Management Options Versus Mandatory Practices. A Stanley Culpepper*1, Kevin W. Bradley2, Bryan G. Young3; 1University of Georgia, Tifton, GA, 2University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, 3Purdue University, Brookston, IN229

SYMPOSIUM - 4. OPTIMIZING INVASIVE AQUATIC PLANT MANAGEMENT, MONITORING, AND OUTREACH EFFORTS TO MEET REGIONAL NEEDS

Implementing Invasive Aquatic Plant Management Programs Within the California Regulatory System. A Case Study of the California Delta Program. John D. Madsen*; USDA-ARS, Davis, CA230
Lake Istokpoga: Addressing Complex Stakeholder Relations. Jason Ferrell*; University of Florida, Gainesville, FL231
Increased Invasiveness of Hybrid Species. A Case Study of Hybrid Watermilfoil. Ryan Thum*; Montana State University, Bozeman, MT232
Biology and Management of Flowering Rush in the Northern US. Ryan M. Wersal*; Minnesota State University, Mankato, Mankato, MN233
Monoecious Hydrilla: Researching Plant Biology, Sensing Techniques, and Herbicide Optimization for Management in Disparate Systems. Robert J. Richardson*; North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC234
Water Soldier in Canada: Development of Research and Management Programs to Address This Invader. Holly Simpson*; Ontario Ministry of Natural Resources and Forestry, Peterborough, ON, Canada235
Aquatic Plant Management in Middle Earth. Development of Management Programs for Unique Environments in New Zealand. Deborah Hofstra*; National Institute of Water & Atmospheric Research Ltd, Hamilton, New Zealand236
Aquatic Plant Management in the Victoria, Australia Irrigation System. Tony Dugdale*; Agriculture Victoria Research, Bundoora, Australia237

ORAL - 07. FORMULATION, ADJUVANT, & APPLICATION TECHNOLOGY

Influence of Sodium Cation and Various AMS Adjuvants on the Performance of Various Glyphosate Formulations. Gregory K. Dahl*1, David A. Van Dam2, Martin M. Carr2, Amanda Flipp3, Laura J. Hennemann3, Joshua J. Skelton4; 1Winfield United, Eagan, MN, 2Winfield United Canada, Saskatoon, SK, Canada, 3Winfield United, River Falls, WI, 4WinField United, Saint Paul, MN238
Smooth Scouringrush (Equisetum laevigatum) Control with Glyphosate is Affected by Surfactant, Rate, and Timing. Mark E. Thorne*, Drew J. Lyon; Washington State University, Pullman, WA239
Precision See &Amp; Spray� - Enabling New Opportunities for Weed Management. William L. Patzoldt*; Blue River Technology, Sunnyvale, CA240
Efficacy of a Precision Herbicide Applicator for Row Middles in Plasticulture Production Systems. Ravneet K. Sandhu*1, Nathan Boyd2, Arnold W. Schumann3, Shaun M. Sharpe4; 1University of Florida, Wimauama, FL, 2University of Florida, Balm, FL, 3University of Florida, Lake Alfred, FL, 4Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Saskatoon, SK, Canada241
Deep Learning-Based Weed Recognition in Australian Ginger (Zingiber officinale) Production. Caleb Squires*1, Guy Coleman2, Michael J. Walsh3; 1University of Sydney, Brownlow Hill, Australia, 2University of Sydney, Camden, Australia, 3University of Sydney, Narrabri, Australia242
Introduction of the CPDA Application Enhancement Program. Joe V. Gednalske*1, Susan Sun2, Greg Kruger3, Bradley K. Fritz4, Jim Reiss5; 1CPDA, River Falls, WI, 2Croda Inc., New Castle, DE, 3University of Nebraska - Lincoln, North Platte, NE, 4USDA-ARS, College Station, TX, 5Precision Lab, Waukegan, IL243

ORAL - 12. INTEGRATED WEED MANAGEMENT

Initial Impressions of the Redekop Seed Control Unit for Harvest Weed Seed Control. Michael L. Flessner*1, Steven Mirsky2; 1Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, 2USDA-ARS, Beltsville, MD244
Phenological Shifts in Flowering Due to Selection Pressures of Harvest Weed Seed Control. Lauren M. Lazaro*1, Gabrielle LaBiche1, Daniel O. Stephenson, IV2, Josh T. Copes3, Donnie Miller4; 1Louisiana State University AgCenter, Baton Rouge, LA, 2LSU Ag Center, Alexandria, LA, 3LSU AgCenter, St. Joseph, LA, 4Louisiana State University AgCenter, St. Joseph, LA245
Integration of Chaff Lining into Weed Management Programs in Soybean. Katie M. Mestayer*1, Gabrielle LaBiche1, Karla L. Gage2, Steven Mirsky3, Claudio G. Rubione4, Lovreet S. Shergill5, Mark VanGessel4, Lauren M. Lazaro1; 1Louisiana State University AgCenter, Baton Rouge, LA, 2Southern Illinois University Carbondale, Carbondale, IL, 3USDA-ARS, Beltsville, MD, 4University of Delaware, Georgetown, DE, 5USDA-ARS & University of Delaware, Beltsville, MD246
Soil Surface Effects on Finger and Flextine Cultivation Efficacy in Vegetables. Daniel M. Priddy*1, Daniel C. Brainard1, Zachary D. Hayden2, Monique Hemker1; 1Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, 2Michigan State Univeristy, East Lansing, MI247
Electrical Discharge Systems for Weed Control in Agronomic and Horticultural Crops. Lynn M. Sosnoskie*1, Bryan Brown2, Elizabeth Maloney1, Julie Kikkert3; 1Cornell University, Geneva, NY, 2New York State Integrated Pest Management Program, Geneva, NY, 3Cornell Cooperative Extension, Canandaigua, NY248
Control of Annual Ryegrass (Lolium rigidum) and Turnipweed (Rapistrum rugosum) with a Diode Laser. Guy Coleman*1, Michael J. Walsh2; 1University of Sydney, Camden, Australia, 2University of Sydney, Narrabri, Australia249

ORAL - 01. AGRONOMIC CROPS

Acuron XR Herbicide - Residual Weed Control, Crop Safety and Yield in Corn. Scott E. Cully*1, Mark J. Kitt2, Tom H. Beckett3; 1Syngenta Crop Protection, Marion, IL, 2Syngenta Crop Protection, Greensboro, NC, 3Syngenta, Greensboro, NC250
Do Tank Mix Partners with Isoxaflutole Increase Soil Residual Activity Across the Cotton Belt? Delaney C. Foster*1, Peter A. Dotray2, Todd A. Baughman3, Seth A. Byrd4, A Stanley Culpepper5, Darrin M. Dodds6, Steven D. Hall7, Jacob P. McNeal6, Bradley J. Norris6, Reagan L. Noland8, Scott A. Nolte9, Mason T. House10, Jason K. Norsworthy11, Rodger B. Farr11, Larry Steckel12, Corey Thompson13; 1Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX, 2Texas Tech University and Texas A&M AgriLife Research and Extension Service, Lubbock, TX, 3Oklahoma State University, Ardmore, OK, 4Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK, 5University of Georgia, Tifton, GA, 6Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, MS, 7Mississippi State University, Starkville, MS, 8Texas A&M AgriLife Extension, San Angelo, TX, 9Texas A&M AgriLife Extension, College Station, TX, 10Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, 11University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR, 12University of Tennessee, Jackson, TN, 13BASF, Abernathy, TX251
Acuron GT Launch: T-minus Spring 2021. Ryan D. Lins*1, Tom H. Beckett2, Mark J. Kitt3; 1Syngenta Crop Protection, Rochester, MN, 2Syngenta, Greensboro, NC, 3Syngenta Crop Protection, Greensboro, NC252
Influence of Various Broadleaf Herbicides on the Control of Corn and Other Grasses with Clethodim Herbicides. Gregory K. Dahl1, Joshua J. Skelton*2, Laura J. Hennemann3, Ryan J. Edwards3, Amanda Flipp3; 1Winfield United, Eagan, MN, 2WinField United, Saint Paul, MN, 3Winfield United, River Falls, WI253
Do New Herbicide Technologies for Grain Sorghum Differ in Effectiveness on Arkansas Johnsongrass Accessions? Jacob A. Fleming*, Jason K. Norsworthy; University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR254
Evaluation of Herbicide-Resistant Grain Sorghum Technologies for Grass Weed Control in High Plains. Vipan Kumar*1, Isaac N. Effertz2, Taylor Lambert1, Rui Liu1, Brent Bean3; 1Kansas State University, Hays, KS, 2Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, 3Sorghum Checkoff Program, Lubbock, TX255
Impact CORE: A New Herbicide Premixture for Postemergence Use in Corn. Richard M. Porter1, Joseph A. Bruce*2; 1AMVAC Chemical Corporation, Ankeny, IA, 2AMVAC Chemical Corporation, Glen Carbon, IL256
Do Planting Date and Environmental Conditions Impact Rice Tolerance to Florpyrauxifen-benzyl? James W. Beesinger*, Jason K. Norsworthy, Leonard B. Piveta, Mason C. Castner; University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR257
Impregnating Florpyrauxifen-benzyl on Urea for Weed Control in Rice. Bodie Cotter*, Jason K. Norsworthy, James W. Beesinger, Tristen H. Avent, Leonard B. Piveta; University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR258
The Effects of Rate and Timing of Pre-harvest Glyphosate on Malting Barley (Hordeum vulgare). Breanne D. Tidemann*1, John T. O'Donovan1, Hiroshi Kubota1, K. Neil Harker1, T. Kelly Turkington1, William May2, Eric N. Johnson3, Brian Beres4, Marta Izydorczyk5, Lori Oatway6, Patricia Juskiw6, Henry de Gooijer2, Alick Mulenga7; 1Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Lacombe, AB, Canada, 2Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Indian Head, SK, Canada, 3University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada, 4Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Lethbridge, AB, Canada, 5Canadian Grain Commission, Winnipeg, MB, Canada, 6Alberta Agriculture and Forestry, Lacombe, AB, Canada, 7Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Scott, SK, Canada259
Topramezone + Glufosinate: A Unique Premixture. Richard K. Zollinger*1, Peter Porpiglia2; 1AMVAC Chemical Corporation, Spokane Valley, WA, 2AMVAC Chemical Corporation, Newport Beach, CA260
Diuron Use in Oklahoma Wheat Double-crop Soybean Systems. Misha R. Manuchehri*1, Todd A. Baughman2, Robbie W. Peterson2, Zachary R. Treadway2, Hannah C. Lindell1, Lane S. Newlin1, Caitlyn C. Carnahan1, Justin T. Childers3; 1Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK, 2Oklahoma State University, Ardmore, OK, 3Oklahoma State University, Marlow, OK261

ORAL - 08. WEED BIOLOGY AND ECOLOGY

Phytotoxic Activity of Bioactive Compounds from Four Plants Against Selected Weeds. Tauseef Anwar*1, Huma Qureshi2; 1Pir Mehr Ali Shah Arid Agriculture University, Rawalpindi, Pakistan, 2Institute of Biological Sciences, Gomal University, Dera Ismail Khan, Pakistan262
Characterization of Sicklepod Extract as a Deer Repellent and Insecticide for Soybean Looper (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae). Ziming Yue*1, Charles L. Cantrell2, Natraj Krishnan1, David J. Lang1, Mark W. Shankle3, Te-Ming (Paul) Tseng1; 1Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, MS, 2USDA ARS Natural Products Utilization Research Unit, Oxford, MS, 3Mississippi State University, Verona, MS263
Suppression of Germination and Growth by Industrial Hemp (Cannabis sativa L.) Extracts and Residue. Avery Shikanai*; Southern Illinois University Carbondale, Carbondale, IL264
The Effect of Variability in Climatic Conditions on the Control Efficacy of Tumble Pigweed (Amaranthus albus) in Processing Tomatoes. Roni Gafni*1, Lior Blank2, Hanan Eizenberg3; 1Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot, Israel, 2Agricultural Research Organization, Volcani Center, Rishon Lezion, Israel, 3Newe Ya�ar Research Center, Ramat Yishay, Israel265
Assessing Impacts of Drought on Weed Communities in the Great Lakes Region. Allyson M. Rumler, Erin E. Burns*; Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI266
Influence of Cover Crops on Soil Microbial Activity and Degradation of Atrazine and S-Metolachlor. William G. Johnson1, Bryan G. Young2, Shalamar Armstrong1, Eileen J. Kladivko1, Joshua R. Widhalm1, Manoj S. Ghaste1, Lucas Oliveira Ribeiro Maia*1; 1Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, 2Purdue University, Brookston, IN267
Impact of Bio-solarization on Soil Conditions and Weed Seedbank in Tomato Field. O. Adewale Osipitan*1, Jesus D. Fernarndez-Bayo1, Brad Hanson2, Mohsen B. Mesgaran1; 1University of California - Davis, Davis, CA, 2University of California - Davis, Winters, CA268
Cranberry Seed Germination as Affected by Environmental Conditions. Thierry E. Besancon*; Rutgers University, Chatsworth, NJ269
Thermal Time to Emergence of California Weedy Rice (Oryza sativa f. spontanea) Under Flooded Field Conditions: A 2-year Study. Liberty B. Galvin*1, Whitney Brim-DeForest2, Kassim Al-Khatib1; 1University of California - Davis, Davis, CA, 2University of California Division of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Yuba City, CA270
Emergence Pattern of Economically Important Weeds in the North-Central, Mid-Atlantic, and South-Central Regions of the United States. Lovreet S. Shergill*1, Adam Davis2, Jason A. Bond3, Jason K. Norsworthy4, John Lindquist5, Kevin W. Bradley6, Lauren M. Lazaro7, Mandy Bish6, Mark VanGessel8, Michael L. Flessner9, Muthukumar V. Bagavathiannan10, Nicholas Jordan11, Steven Mirsky12; 1Montana State University, Huntley, MT, 2University of Illinois, Urbana, IL, 3Mississippi State University, Stoneville, MS, 4University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR, 5University of Nebraska - Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, 6University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, 7Louisiana State University AgCenter, Baton Rouge, LA, 8University of Delaware, Georgetown, DE, 9Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, 10Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, 11University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN, 12USDA-ARS, Beltsville, MD271
Light and Red/Far-Red Ratio Responses of Bohemian Knotweed (Reynoutria bohemica) Seed Germination and Seedling Growth. Virginia Oeggerli*1, David R. Clements1, Vanessa L. Jones1, Delia D. Anderson1, Jichul Bae2; 1Trinity Western University, Langley, BC, Canada, 2Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Agassiz, BC, Canada272
Weed Community Response to Four Years of Repeated Application of Calcium or Magnesium Sulfate to Soil. Andrea Leiva Soto*1, Catherine P. Herms1, Allison M. Robinson1, Steve Culman1, Douglas Doohan2; 1The Ohio State University, Wooster, OH, 2The Ohio State University, Wooser, OH273

SYMPOSIUM - 3. BEYOND THE BOOM � BENEFITS OF WEED AND BRUSH MANAGEMENT IN GRASSLANDS

Beyond the Boom � Benefits of Managing Weeds and Brush in Grasslands. Morgan Treadwell*; Texas A&M AgriLife Extension, San Angelo, TX274
Realizing the Value of Managing Weeds and Brush in Conservation Grassland Sites. Mark J. Renz*; University of Wisconsin - Madison, Madison, WI275
Toxic Plants in Grasslands and the Impact on Livestock. Catherine Barr*; Texas A&M Veterinary Medical Diagnostic Lab, College Station, TX276
Livestock Performance Benefits as A Result of Managing Weeds and Brush in Grassland. Jose Debeux*; University of Florida, Marianna, FL277
Forage Response and Economic Benefits of Weed and Brush Management in Grasslands. Scott Flynn*1, Byron B. Sleugh2; 1Corteva Agriscience, Lees Summit, MO, 2Corteva Agriscience, Carmel, IN278
New Technology to Enhance Management of Weeds and Brush in Grasslands. Charles Hart1, Brett Martin*2; 1Corteva Agriscience, Abilene, TX, 2Corteva, Indianapolis, IN279
If We Build It, Will They Come? Challenges, Opportunities, and Needs in Weed and Brush Management Research in Grasslands. Daniel Tekiela1, Byron B. Sleugh*2; 1University of Wyoming, Laramie, WY, 2Corteva Agriscience, Carmel, IN280

ORAL - 08. WEED BIOLOGY AND ECOLOGY

The Critical Period for Photosynthesis and the Legacy of Competition. Andrew McKenzie-Gopsill*1, Sasan Amirsadeghi2, Sherry Fillmore3, Clarence Swanton2; 1Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Charlottetown, PE, Canada, 2University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada, 3Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Kentville, NS, Canada281
The Importance of Singlet Oxygen in Resource-independent Competition. Nicole Berardi*, Clarence Swanton; University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada282
Using Plant Growth Regulators to Enhance Carrot Competitiveness with Weeds. Jordan Schuler*, Jed Colquhoun, Richard Rittmeyer, Daniel J. Heider; University of Wisconsin - Madison, Madison, WI283
Faba Bean Crop Competition Effects on Common Sowthistle (Sonchus oleraceus) Growth and Reproductive Development. Asad Shabbir*1, Adam McKiernan2, Michael Widderick2, Michael J. Walsh3; 1The University of Sydney, Camden, Australia, 2Department of Agriculture and Fisheries, Toowoomba, Australia, 3University of Sydney, Narrabri, Australia284
Linkages Among Weed Control, Weather Variability, and Soybean Management on Yield Loss Due to Weeds. Christopher A. Landau*1, Aaron Hager1, Martin Williams2; 1University of Illinois, Urbana, IL, 2USDA-ARS, Urbana, IL285
Multiple Years of Competition Between Ailanthus altissima (Tree of Heaven) and Rhus typhina (Staghorn Sumac: Removal Success and Impacts of an Herbivore. Cynthia Huebner*; USDA Forest Service - Northern Research Station, Morgantown, WV286

ORAL - 01. AGRONOMIC CROPS

A23372A - A Broad-Spectrum Solution for Superior Weed Management in Soybean. Brett R. Miller*1, Peter Eure2, Tom H. Beckett3, Ryan Jackson4; 1Syngenta Crop Protection, Fargo, ND, 2Syngenta Crop Protection, Greensboro, NC, 3Syngenta, Greensboro, NC, 4Syngenta Crop Protection, Carrollton, MS287
Biologically Effective Dose of Bromoxynil, Applied Alone and Tankmixed with Metribuzin, for the Control of Glyphosate-Resistant Canada Fleabane (Conyza canadensis) Applied Preplant in Soybean. Peter Sikkema, David Hooker, David Westerveld*, Darren Robinson; University of Guelph, Ridgetown, ON, Canada288
Response of Putative Glyphosate-resistant Horseweed Accessions from Wisconsin to Spring Burndown Herbicides. Alexandre T. Rosa*, Nicholas J. Arneson, Nikola Arsenijevic, Rodrigo Werle; University of Wisconsin - Madison, Madison, WI289
Pollen-Mediated Gene Flow from Dicamba/Glyphosate-Resistant- to Conventional Soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merrill]. Zahoor A. Ganie*1, Parminder Chahal2, Amit J. Jhala2; 1FMC, Newark, DE, 2University of Nebraska - Lincoln, Lincoln, NE290
Are Dicamba and Glufosinate Still Viable Options for Palmer Amaranth in U.S. Soybean Production Systems? Jason K. Norsworthy*1, Tom Barber2, Grant L. Priess1, Michael M. Houston1, Leonard B. Piveta1, Kevin W. Bradley3, Karla L. Gage4, Aaron Hager5, Greg Kruger6, Larry Steckel7, Daniel B. Reynolds8, Bryan G. Young9; 1University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR, 2University of Arkansas System Division of Agriculture, Lonoke, AR, 3University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, 4Southern Illinois University Carbondale, Carbondale, IL, 5University of Illinois, Urbana, IL, 6University of Nebraska - Lincoln, North Platte, NE, 7University of Tennessee, Jackson, TN, 8Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, MS, 9Purdue University, Brookston, IN291
Reduction of Palmer Amaranth (Amaranthus palmeri) Growth Surviving Glufosinate Treatments in Cotton (Gossypium hirsutum). Eric A. Jones*, Marco Antonio Fajardo Menjivar, Diego J. Contreras, Diego E. Salazar, Charlie W. Cahoon, Ramon G. Leon, Wesley Everman; North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC292
Frequency of Herbicide Resistance in Palmer Amaranth (Amaranthus palmeri) Introduced into North Dakota Through Sunflower Screenings. Joseph T. Ikley*, Nathan H. Haugrud, Stephanie A. DeSimini; North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND293
Improvements in Genetic Testing for the Identification of Palmer Amaranth in Seed Mixtures. Anthony Brusa*; University of Minnesotta, Saint Paul, MN294
The Potential of 1,4-naphthoquinone Natural Products as Bioherbicides for the Control of Herbicide-Resistant Amaranthus Species. Clarence Swanton*, Peter Smith; University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada295
Metabolic Resistance to HPPD Inhibitors in Palmer Amaranth (Amaranthus palmeri) Does Not Facilitate Resistance Evolution to Glufosinate. Anita K�pper*1, Erica Manesso1, Roland S. Beffa2, Todd A. Gaines3; 1Bayer AG, Frankfurt / Main, Germany, 2Bayer AG, CropScience Division, Frankfurt / Main, Germany, 3Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO298

SYMPOSIUM - 1. ADVANCES IN SENSOR-BASED WEED DETECTION AND PRECISION MANAGEMENT

Precision Weeds Technologies: A Multi-national Effort to Automate Sensing Weed Species, Density, Cover, and Biomass for Researchers and Farmers. Steven Mirsky*; USDA-ARS, Beltsville, MD299
Machine Learning for Weed Detection and Classification: Applications in Weed Ecology and Precision Management. Muthukumar V. Bagavathiannan*1, Chengsong Hu1, Bishwa B. Sapkota1, Matthew Kutugata1, Steven Mirsky2; 1Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, 2USDA-ARS, Beltsville, MD301
3D Mapping of Weeds for Weed Biomass Estimation. Paula Ramos Giraldo*; North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC302
Hyperspectral Imaging for Weed Species Detection and Herbicide Resistance Monitoring In-crop. Prashant Jha*; Iowa State University, Ames, IA303
A Weed Recognition System That Enables In-crop Physical Weed Control in Australian Cropping Systems. Michael J. Walsh*1, Guy Coleman2; 1University of Sydney, Narrabri, Australia, 2University of Sydney, Camden, Australia304
Precision Weed Management with UAVs and Ground Robots. Vijay Singh*1, Daniel E. Martin2, Muthukumar V. Bagavathiannan3; 1Virginia Tech, Painter, VA, 2USDA-ARS, College Station, TX, 3Texas A&M University, College Station, TX305
Spray Drift Characterization of Hydraulic Nozzles for Remotely Piloted Aerial Application Systems. Daniel E. Martin*; USDA-ARS, College Station, TX306
Automated Weed Removal in Vegetable Crops. Steve Fennimore*; University of California - Davis, Salinas, CA307
Precision Weed Management in Florida Vegetable Production. Nathan Boyd*1, Arnold W. Schumann2, Shaun M. Sharpe3; 1University of Florida, Balm, FL, 2University of Florida, Lake Alfred, FL, 3Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Saskatoon, SK, Canada308