KEYWORD INDEX

, glyphosate223
?210 codon deletion409
2,4-D17, 39, 104, 121, 223, 354, 457, 585
2,4-D amine508
2,4-D choline375
2,4-D micro-rates49, 50, 52
Abies117
Abution theophrasti10
ACCase252, 358
AccentQ28
accession604
ACE-1 perennial cereal rye259, 436
acetochlor570
acetohydroxyacid synthase317
acetolactate synthase317
active restoration, invasive species, native regeneration, novel ecosystems416
Adaptation603
adaptation genes349
adjuvant585, 590
Adjuvants156, 587, 589
aerial application521, 522
Aerial herbicide application, UAV, UAS, weed control230
African mustard121
AI425
alfalfa77
alfalfa, silage corn, late season weed interference, interseeded systems43
algorithm development430
Allamanda schottii514
allelopathy193, 195, 211
Almonds542
alpha-tubulin456
ALS504
ALS inhibitors324, 411
alternatives113
amaranthus167, 337, 562
Amaranthus spp.409
Ambrosia562
Ambrosia artemisiifolia409
aminocyclopyrachlor117
Aminopyralid104, 508, 577
ammonium sulfate586
Amperage232
AMS586
AMS replacement586
analysis201
annual bluegrass480, 547
annual grass135, 518, 597
Annual grasses323
annual ryegrass177, 204, 363, 538, 567
antagonism258, 360
antioxidant190
application technology159
aquatic weeds59
Armezon28
Arylex355
aryloxyphenoxypropionate252
ASD188
assisted succession378
Australia567
autonomous425
Autonomy431
AUX/IAA16410
auxin108, 201, 354
Auxin herbicide54, 62, 375
auxinic herbicides403
Awareness145
Balsa fir117
banana176
Beacon28
Bean stand, crop injury, dry bean biomass, plant height, plant sensitivity, yield219
Bees285
Bell pepper92
benefit-cost ratio47
bensulide570
bentazon resistant460
bermudagrass263, 520
bermudagrass control509, 510
Big data423
bioassay106
biofumigants188
bioherbicide195, 462, 530, 533
Bio-herbicides, herbicides - triclopyr, mulching, manual cutting131
bioinformatics334
Biological control222
Biology142
Biomass, crop injury, density, flumioxazin, glyphosate, herbicide tankmixture, metribuzin, saflufenacil, sulfentrazone, yield345
Biomass, density, glyphosate-resistant, herbicide-resistant, injury, postemergence herbicides, yield34
bispyribac-sodium178
bixlozone468
black grama279
Black-grass336
blue grama279
bluebunch wheatgrass454
Boll Opening7
Bradyrhizobia157
Brassica tournefortii121
Brassicaceae seed meal, Weeds, Soil-borne pathogens, Mustard seed meal, Chile pepper476
Broadleaf Crop71
Broadleaf weed54, 363
Broad-leaved dock, Rumex obtusifolius L. RUMOB405
broccoli302
Bromus179
Bromus tectorum181, 285, 315, 383, 387, 443
buckwheat215
Burndown42, 562, 564
cabbage302
California74, 147, 379, 397, 499
Canaan fir117
Canada fleabane341, 466
cannabis sativa11
Carduus acanthoides223
carrier volume158
Cattle, Trampling, Yellow-Flag Iris453
cauliflower302
cellulose biosynthesis inhibitor181
Cereal Rye466
cereals363, 567
Chaff lining538
chaff tramlining538
charcoal banding513
cheatgrass135, 387, 518
Cheatgrass, weed control, rangeland rehabilitation224
chemical alternative223
Chemical Applications431
chemical fallow539
chemical pruning96
Chenopodium562
Chenopodium album317
Chenopodium album L.460
chinese cabbage302
chloroacetamide306
Chlorophyll biosynthesis332
chlorosis440
chlorsulfuron386
Cinmethylin565, 567
Citrus246
Citrus weed management, Vegetable plasticulture, horticulture372
Class 14190
clethodim252
climate change311, 349, 404
Clover-grass pasture575
Coastal sandbur505
Codiaeum variegatum514
Colorado283
combiflash608
commom lambsquarters460
common lambsquarters394, 501
common lambs-quarters317
Common Ragweed277
Common sowthistle411
common weeds394
community147
competition127, 285, 407
computer vision425
conservation reserve program539
consortium334
conspecific166, 604
Control24, 128
conventional47
Conyza canadensis42, 466
Conyza canadensis (L.) Conquist341
Copy Number Variation340
Cordyline fruticosa514
Corn26, 41, 215, 252, 562
Cornus kousa115
Cotton7, 17, 29, 39, 71, 208, 238, 472, 473, 493, 495
cotton, Gossypium hirsutum422
cover crop171, 544
Cover Crop Residue208, 472
cover crop species193
Cover cropping215, 473
Cover Crops25, 26, 491, 542
cover crops citrus weed suppression260
cowpea215
creeping bentgrass509
crested wheatgrass378
Critical period for weed control401
Critical period for weed seed control401
critical time for weed removal497
crop3
crop imagery440
crop injury368
crop loss68
crop production57
Crop protection309
Crop rotation376, 389, 411, 535
crop safety299
cross resistance468
cross-resistance324
CTWR497
cultivation306
Cultural Practices234
curled dock, Rumex crispus L. RUMCR, Regrowth, Planting depth.405
Cyclohexanediones252
Cyhalofop498
Cyperus difformis324
Cytochrome P450194
Cytochrome P450, Glutathione-S-transferease, Genomics, Herbicide resistance465
dallisgrass505
damage128
daughter tuber injury304
dazomet510
decision414
deep learning422, 423
Deep Neural Networks269
demonstration396
Description142
Developmental Biology318
Dicamba10, 38, 39, 47, 104, 144, 157, 201, 238, 258, 295, 350, 354, 373, 569, 584, 585, 586
dicamba resistance403, 410
Dicamba ultra micro-rates51
Dicamba-tolerant soybean52
diclofop-methyl175
Digital agriculture423
dimethenamid-P323
Dimorphism605
Dioecy337, 605
directed energy235
directed evolution442
Distance Learning196
disturbance597
dithiopyr503
diurnal238
Diversified cropping system606
DNA methylation261, 455
Dock572
Dominican Republic176
dormant97
dormant/semidormant119
dose response56
Douglas fir117
Downy Brome66, 160, 181, 221, 281, 283, 285, 378, 383, 515, 518
dPACS marker409
Drift38, 62, 71
drought264
Dry edible bean222
Dryland160
Dryland wheat production160
early-postemergence496
Echinochloa colona349, 603
Ecology142
ecosystem280
ecosystem goods and services264, 282
ecosystems419
ED/RR391
education144, 147, 150
Education survey145
efficacy223
efficiency202
Electricity232
Eleusine coracana456
Elevore42
emergence74, 319
enhanced metabolism600
Enlist39, 252, 493
EPA295
epigenetics261, 455
EPSPS167, 315
EPSPS, Copy Number, Glyphosate-resistant198
esplanade121, 283
ethalfluralin570
Ethephon7
ethofumesate509
Euphorbia519
Everglades125
evolution167, 189, 419
expert testimony558
extension396
extra chromosomal167
Faba bean481
facebook399
Fall-applied herbicides346
fallow160
Fallow Management66
Far red light478
Farming System277
Fatty Acid Thioesterase565
feedback388
Fellow553
fenoxaprop252
Fiber Quality17
field bindweed, cotton, weed control, weed management, trifluralin, glyphosate, cultivation44
field day396
filbert96
fire597
fitness cost410
Flax571
FLORPYRAUXIFEN-BENZYL498, 499
Flowering forbs285
fluazifop252, 510
flumioxazin254
Fluthiacet10
Fluxofenim323
fluxomic332
Forage Quality283
forb response578
forest597
Fraser fir117
frost heaving319
fungal-endophyte192
fungi388
Future, swot, research, grad programs490
GA66
Gain-of-function336
Galium spurium54
Garcienone530
Garcinia xanthochymus530
GBS168
gene amplification315
Gene editing335, 442
gene flow55
genealogy177
Geneflow185
genetic quick test103
Genetic transformation335
Genome sequence341
Genomes340
Genome-wide association studies (GWAS)312
genomics261, 334, 335, 337, 455, 599
genotyping126
Germination160, 166, 193
germination ecology374
GETTING RID OF WEEDS220
Gibberellic Acid66, 160
Global Minor Use Priorities309
glufosinate47, 119, 139, 585
glutamate190
Glyphosate10, 55, 77, 108, 113, 119, 139, 157, 167, 175, 178, 246, 261, 281, 306, 312, 328, 422, 455, 471, 489, 510, 557, 585
Glyphosate dose response315
Glyphosate resistance234, 315
glyphosate resistant177
Glyphosate tolerant soybean49
Glyphosate, common waterhemp, gene amplification344
glyphosate/glufosinate-resistant volunteer corn252
glyphosate-resistance501
Glyphosate-tolerant soybean50
glyphostate47
Golf Course504
golf course fairway509
goosegrass193, 263, 506
grain quality489
grain sorghum60, 234
grain yield489
grape373, 375
Grapes104
grazing280
gross profit margin47
grower survey471
growing degree-day119
Growth inhibitory compounds530
growth regulator56
growth stage49, 50, 52, 346
GWAS368
Habitat142, 518
Halauxifen-methyl42
Hamelia patens514
Harvest Aid7
Harvest weed seed control209, 439, 535, 538, 543
Hawaii419, 521, 522
Health246
Hemp11, 101, 496
Hemp Varieties101
Hemp Yields101
Herbicide24, 109, 159, 171, 363, 496, 506, 567, 588, 606
Herbicide antagonism589
Herbicide carryover481
Herbicide Damage139, 440
Herbicide detoxification194, 463
herbicide diversity389
Herbicide Drift104, 290
herbicide impacts281
herbicide interaction332
herbicide mixtures389
Herbicide mixtures, sequential application, mycoherbicides, IWM469
Herbicide Modes of Action196
herbicide programs491
herbicide residue in tubers304
herbicide resistance48, 55, 56, 103, 261, 295, 335, 341, 350, 361, 389, 396, 399, 409, 455, 460, 463, 468, 471, 536, 600
herbicide resistance detection204
herbicide resistance management411
herbicide resistance, nursery crops,114
herbicide selectivity463
Herbicide Symptomology139
Herbicide tolerance194
herbicide, industrial hemp, Cannabis sativa433
Herbicide-resistance336, 422, 501, 569
Herbicide-resistant crops442
Herbicides11, 113, 147, 431, 452, 540, 547, 571
herbicide-sensitivity497
Herbicies556
hexazinone582
Hibiscus rosa-sinensis514
high sorption202
high temperature349
hormesis51
Horseweed42, 319, 346, 466
horticulture373
host specificity534
HPPD350, 507
HPPD inhibitor463
hybrid testing497
Hybridization184
image analysis440
imazamox600
imazapic121, 136, 281, 387
imidazolinones178
impact mills439
indaziflam97, 121, 181, 281, 383, 445, 515, 518, 520
Industrial Hemp11
inheritance410
Injury507
injury levels202
inoculant157
integrated pest management147, 235
integrated pest managment113
integrated weed management171, 220, 234, 306, 378, 389, 454, 466, 491, 531, 542, 547, 565
Integrated Weed Managment544
intelligent cultivator305
intercropping436
Intermediate wheatgrass40
invasion313, 378
invasion resistance416
invasive annual grass284
Invasive annual grasses285
Invasive grass534
invasive plant species127, 377
Invasive Plants415, 419
invasive potential311
invasive species264, 526, 606
invasive species management282, 419
Invasive species, climate change, Hawaii417
invasive weed519
iodosulfuron.methyl-sodium175
IPM15, 471
IR4309
IR-440
IR-4 Project95
IR-4, EPA, registration, NIFA100
irrigation74
irrigation frequency116
irrigationshade,116
island invasions419
isoxaben503
isoxaflutole29, 495
Italian ryegrass48, 66, 160, 599
Italian ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum)175
IWM220, 544
Ixora coccinea514
Japanese stiltgrass526
Jasmonic acid478
johnsongrass128, 184, 185, 216
junglerice258
juniper135
KASP126
Kernza40
Kernza intermediate wheatgrass259, 436
kixor564
Knowledge145
kochia173, 340, 355, 399, 471, 493
kochia (Bassia scoparia)410
Kochia , Herbicide Resistance to Dicamba, Fluroxypr and Glyphosate347
Korean pine117
L. rigidum468
lactofen47, 254
Lactuca serriola443
lambsquarters355
Lamium562
land management578
land managers126
landscape113, 503
Late-season weed management236
Laudis28
layby501
leaching203
Leadership opportunities148
learning146
lentils411
lettuce305
lifecycle models311
light requirements377
Light sensing sprayer539
light-dependent331
linuron97
Liriodendron tulipifera115
Livestock379
living mulch102, 544
Local adaptation606
locoweed192
Lolium rigidum361
Lollium rigidum204
Longleaf pine117
long-term454
long-term eradication526
Loss-of-function336
low dose189
Loyant499
luximax567
Luximo565, 567
M-86254
machine learning423, 425
macronutrient588
management387
marestail319
mass spectrometry460
matrix model212
meadusahead518
mechanical425
mechanical slicing509
Mechanical Tuber Removal92
mechanical weeding425
medium red clover436
medusahead281, 391
mesocosm264
mesotrione28
meta-analysis547
Metabolism194, 463
methyl bromide188
Methyl palmitate608
metolachlor570
Metribuzin41, 263
metsulfuron121, 136, 386
miconia414
Microbiome277
micronutrient588
Microstegium vimineum526
Minor Use309
Minor Use Foundation, Inc309
minor use herbicide299
Mitigating pesticide drift32
MOA331
mobile herbicide203
Mode of Action448, 462
model414
modeling3
molecular characterization179
Montana145, 387
mowing280
multiple resistance176, 361, 403
multiple-resistance223
Multi-tactic216
Mustard473
Native American142
native area508
native plant374
native plant community383
Natural Areas125
Natural products533
Naturalized areas508
necrosis440
nicosulfuron28, 386
nitrogen582
Nonnative Ungulates415
Non-target-site resistance336
Non-target-site-based resistance (NTSR)312
non-tillage171
no-till, herbicide resistance568
Novel Mode of Action565
Noxious weeds145
NTSR403
nursery production115
Nutsedge92
Oat473
oats489
off-target movement62, 108, 290
Old World Climbing Fern125
olive171
Onion marketable yield376
Orchards437, 542
organic113
Organic weed management216
Origin142
ornamental108
ornamental landscapes111
Orseolia javanica534
Oryza sativa24, 166, 604
outreach147
OWCF125
oxidative stress463
oxyfluorfen97
PA Knowledge, PA Skills, PA Abilities427
palmer167
Palmer amaranth337, 350, 352, 354, 394, 399, 430, 501, 533
Palmer amaranth, Amaranthus palmeri422
paraquat97, 422
Parasitoid222
Parthenium hysterophorus176
particle drift108
Pastinaca sativa136
Pasture520
Peanut208, 472
pendimethalin570
Penoxsulam498
perennial cover crop544
perennial grain40
perennial grains259, 436
perennial grasses280
perennial ryegrass177
perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne)175
perennial weeds280
Pesticide150
Pesticide stewardship32
pesticides147, 431, 556
Philodendron selloum514
phosphorous313
photography, close-up149
photorespiration331
physiological parameters608
Physiological stress478
Phytotoxicity109, 608
phytotoxin462
pigweed167, 355
pinoxaden252
Pinus117, 521, 522
Pixxaro EC355
Plant Breeding, Sweetpotato, crop/weed competition307
plant communities280
plant community281
Plant growth hormone160
plant growth regulator96
Plant Physiology255
plant soil feedbacks279
Plant-soil Feedback277
plant-soil feedbacks313
Plumbago auriculata514
PMC309
Poa annua456
Policy553
Pollinators285
pollinator-serving plants513
popcorn497
population dynamics212
population structure168, 605
postemergence571, 588
postemergence herbicide58
Post-emergent437
potassium313
Potato106, 303
PPO350
PPO Herbicide562
PPO inhibitor58
PPO inhibitors328
PPO-inhibitors190
PPX2L409
PRE501
Precision Agriculture269, 366, 431
Precision Agriculture Diffusion,427
Precision agriculture, Machine vision392
preemergence29, 158, 496, 571
pre-emergence567
preemergence, strawberry, flumioxazin, soil persistence300
Pre-emergent437
pre-harvest489
premergent herbicides513
Preplant493
prevention378
Prickly lettuce411
primisulfuron28
primisulfuron-methyl28
ProcellaCOR448
processed vegetables302
production runoff120
propagation115
prosulfuron28
Protecting endangered species32
Protecting our environment32
Protecting pesticide applicators32
Protecting pollinators32
protein engineering442
Protoplasts335
protoporphyrin332
Protoporphyrinogen oxidase409
Psuedotsuga117
Public Policy556
pulse width modulation159
Pulse-Width Modulation366
PWM366
pyraflufen-ethyl254
pyridine herbicides117
Pyroxasulfone323, 368, 480, 569
pyroxsulam181
QTL mapping312
Quantitative PCR315
Quercus garryana280
Quizalofop24, 252
Quizalofop-P-ethyl589
R128L254
radiate fingergrass178
radish302
Rainfed Corn25
Rangeland379, 386, 387, 454, 577
rangelands264
rapid response tyne536
reactive oxygen species331, 332
red brome518
red to far-red light173
Red/far-red ratio377
redbromegrass445
redroot pigweed501
reduced tillage systems160
reduced water use205
Regulation556
Remote Sensing269, 440
reproductive development410
residual control181
Residual Herbicide42
Residual Herbicides208, 472, 481
residues489
resilience597
resistance167, 189, 190, 340, 363, 504
resistance evolution349, 403
resistance evolution,603
resistance index178
resistance management15, 306, 565
Resistance survey361
resource supply407
restoration135, 279, 518
restoration ecology280
revegetation454
RevulinQ28
rice15, 59, 68, 74, 178, 324, 397, 499
Rice Weed Control498
Rice, Oryzae sativa, weed control, herbicide, Canada500
rigid ryegrass (Lolium rigidum)175
rimsulfuron281
Rinskor448, 499, 575, 577
Rinskor active498
Rinskor Aminopyralid DuraCor Rangeland Pasture450
Rinskor, Aminopyralid, DuraCor, Rangeland, Pasture576
ripgut brome543
Risk Assessment556
RNA-seq457
roadside136
ros331
rotary brush weeder301
Roughstalk Bluegrass46
roundup258
ROW136
rubber crop58, 570
Russian-Thistle168
RyzUp Smartgrass66
Safener323
Safety150
saflufenacil254, 332, 564
sagebrush135
Sagebrush-Grassland515
Salicylic acid478
Salsola168
salt stress603
Salvage352
Sandbur520
saturated steam301
Schefflera arboricola514
Secale cereale358
See & Spray422
seed bank235
Seed Bank Management66
seed dispersal543
seed dormancy173, 236, 404
Seed ecology404
Seed germination377
seed production401
seed retention221
seed return401
Seed shattering404
seed sterility379
Seed Treatment478
seed viability452
Seedbank66, 378
Seedbank control531
Seedbank Management66
seeding depth15
Semi-Arid25, 26
sensing423
sensitivity52
Sequential Applications352
Sequential Herbicide Application437
Service to society148
sethoxydim252
sex-ratio605
Shade109, 116
Shade Avoidance318
shattercane28
Shear Stability590
Shortleaf pine117
simulated drift304
Sisymbrium altissimum443
Sisymbrium orientale361
site preparation127
Site-specific weed control443, 536
Slash pine117
S-metolachlor323
smooth barley543
social media399
soil313
soil depth203
soil fumigants188
Soil moisture215, 473
Soil Nutrient Cycling415
soil organic matter430
Soil Physical, Chemical and Biological Properties415
soil salinity374
Soil seedbank209
soil texture430
Soil Water26
Solanum tuberosum,141
Sonchus oleraceus361
sorghum184, 185
Sorghum halepense216
sorghum-sudangrass215
South Carolina101
southern crabgrass505
Southwestern white pine117
Soybean10, 38, 47, 71, 157, 193, 234, 366, 569
soybean sensitivity50
soybean yield51
Soybeans562
Specialty Crops309
species diversity284
Sphere of Influence31
Spirit28
Sporbolus582
Spray applications540
Spray Drift590
Sprayer Cleanout584
spurge519
SSR markers179
stale seedbed166
steam111, 188
Stellaria562
stevia97
stevia rebaudiana97
Strawberry Guava211
Strelitzia reginae514
stress physiology192
stress tolerance605
Stromanthe sanguinea514
sUAS, machine learning, miconia, hawaii523
sublethal dose349, 603
Suburban232
sugar beet106
sugarbeet306, 318
sulfentrazone368, 570
sulfonylurea386
sunn hemp102, 215
surfactant585
survey55, 394
sustainable weed management195
sweet corn28, 102
sweetpotato slip308
synthetic auxin56, 56, 194, 471
synthetic auxins328
synthetic biology442
Synthetic images269
tall fescue128
tank mix303, 495
Tank-mixture507
target site600
Targeted303
targeted tillage536
teaching146
TEE549
tembotrione28
terbacil97
TerraVue herbicide578
Texas493
Three-spike goosegrass437
tillage171, 306
Timber71
tirexor564
tolerance571
tomato305
top soil202
topramezone28, 263, 509
Toxicology556, 557
tragus168
Transcriptomics335
Travel Enrichment Experience549
Tree Trunk Protection139
Tribufos7
Trichogramma222
Triclopyr104, 509
Trifludimoxazin562, 564
Trifolium pratense457
Triple rinse water584
Triticale473
tropical soil203
troublesome weeds394
Tuber reduction with herbicides in years preceding onion376
tumble mustard221
Turf504
Turfgrass109, 503, 504, 506, 507, 510
turfgrass renovation510
turfgrass weed control263
twitter399
UAV440, 540
UC IPM113, 147
uncontrolled weeds68
Unmanned Aerial Systems269
Unmanned Aerial Systems, Remote Sensing, Early Detection Rapid Response384
urban113, 147
Urban weed control232
variable rate herbicide application430
vegetable seed302
Vegetation Community415
vegetation management445
vegetative indices440
Velvetleaf10, 497
ventenata281, 282, 313, 391, 452, 518, 597
Ventenata dubia313, 388
Virus Induced Gene Silencing336
Virus-mediated Overexpression336
vitis373
Vitis vinifera375
Voltage232
Volunteer39
Voraxor363
Washington160
water quality120
waterhemp212, 235, 306, 337, 350, 396, 439, 533
WEBSITE220
weed communities436
Weed Competition101, 255
Weed Control41, 97, 179, 208, 209, 221, 472, 586
weed crop recognition305
Weed distribution models, global climate model predictions406
weed ecology259
weed emergence188
weed escapes236
Weed Interference31, 195, 308
weed issues57
weed loss68
Weed Management25, 173, 193, 259, 606, 608
weed management practices57
Weed resistance531
Weed Resistance Diagnosis328
weed seed439
Weed Seed Bank66
Weed Seedbank66, 173, 236
weed seeds235
Weed sensing sprayer, Russian thistle, tumble pigweed, common lambsquarters, Washington, Fallow, Applicator, broadcast,151
Weed suppression205, 215, 473
weed wiper582
weed-crop interaction308
weeding425
weeds147, 553
Weedy Rice24, 74, 166, 397, 604
Wheat46, 54, 323, 366, 562
Wheat genetics194
Wheat genome194
White clover575
White pine117
WideMatch355
Wild carrot572
Wild Oat160, 360, 535
Wild Parsnip136
wild radish363
wildflower establishment513
wildland weed519
wind-dispersed weeds411
Windrow burning209
winter annual311
Winter Annual Grass358
winter annual grasses600
Winter cover crops205
Winter pea473
Workforce Development427
Wyoming515
Xtend39
yellow foxtail360
Yellow nutsedge control376
yield3
yield loss68
yield mapping443
yield response49
Zea mays41
zoysiagrass119